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| a FEATURES 100% Bitstream Compatible with the ADV601 Precise Compressed Bit Rate Control Field Independent Compression 8-Bit Video Interface Supports CCIR-656 and Multiplexed Philips Formats General Purpose 16- or 32-Bit Host Interface with 512 Deep 32-Bit FIFO PERFORMANCE Real-Time Compression or Decompression of CCIR-601 to Video: 720 288 @ 50 Fields/Sec -- PAL 720 243 @ 60 Fields/Sec -- NTSC Compression Ratios from Visually Loss-Less to 350:1 Visually Loss-Less Compression At 4:1 on Natural Images (Typical) APPLICATIONS PC Video Editing Remote CCTV Surveillance Digital Camcorders Digital Video Tape Wireless Video Systems TV Instant Replay GENERAL DESCRIPTION Ultralow Cost Video Codec ADV601LC The ADV601LC is an ultralow cost, single chip, dedicated function, all digital CMOS VLSI device capable of supporting visually loss-less to 350:1 real-time compression and decompression of CCIR-601 digital video at very high image quality levels. The chip integrates glueless video and host interfaces with on-chip SRAM to permit low part count, system level implementations suitable for a broad range of applications. The ADV601LC is 100% bitstream compatible with the ADV601. The ADV601LC is a video encoder/decoder optimized for realtime compression and decompression of interlaced digital video. All features of the ADV601LC are designed to yield high performance at a breakthrough systems-level cost. Additionally, the unique sub-band coding architecture of the ADV601LC offers you many application-specific advantages. A review of the General Theory of Operation and Applying the ADV601LC sections will help you get the most use out of the ADV601LC in any given application. The ADV601LC accepts component digital video through the Video Interface and outputs a compressed bit stream though the Host Interface in Encode Mode. While in Decode Mode, the ADV601LC accepts a compressed bit stream through the Host Interface and outputs component digital video through the Video Interface. The host accesses all of the ADV601LC's control and status registers using the Host Interface. Figure 1 summarizes the basic function of the part. (continued on page 2) FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM 256K 16-BIT DRAM (FIELD STORE) DRAM MANAGER ADV601LC ULTRALOW COST, VIDEO CODEC RUN LENGTH CODER HOST I/O PORT & FIFO DIGITAL COMPONENT VIDEO I/O DIGITAL VIDEO I/O PORT WAVELET FILTERS, DECIMATOR, & INTERPOLATOR ADAPTIVE QUANTIZER HUFFMAN CODER HOST BIN WIDTH CONTROL SUB-BAND STATISTICS ON-CHIP TRANSFORM BUFFER REV. 0 Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781/329-4700 World Wide Web Site: http://www.analog.com Fax: 781/326-8703 (c) Analog Devices, Inc., 1999 ADV601LC TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL DESCRIPTION (Continued from page 1) VIDEO INTERFACE DIGITAL VIDEO IN (ENCODE) DIGITAL VIDEO OUT (DECODE) This data sheet gives an overview of the ADV601LC functionality and provides details on designing the part into a system. The text of the data sheet is written for an audience with a general knowledge of designing digital video systems. Where appropriate, additional sources of reference material are noted throughout the data sheet. GENERAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 INTERNAL ARCHITECTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 GENERAL THEORY OF OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 THE WAVELET KERNEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 THE PROGRAMMABLE QUANTIZER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 THE RUN LENGTH CODER AND HUFFMAN CODER . . 8 Encoding vs. Decoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 PROGRAMMER'S MODEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 ADV601LC REGISTER DESCRIPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Video Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Host Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 DRAM Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Compressed Data-Stream Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 APPLYING THE ADV601LC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Using the ADV601LC in Computer Applications . . . . . . 28 Using the ADV601LC in Stand-Alone Applications . . . . 29 Connecting the ADV601LC to Popular Video Decoders and Encoders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 GETTING THE MOST OUT OF ADV601LC . . . . . . . . . 30 ADV601LC SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 TEST CONDITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 TIMING PARAMETERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Clock Signal Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 CCIR-656 Video Format Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Multiplexed Philips Video Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Host Interface (Indirect Address, Indirect Register Data, and Interrupt Mask/Status) Register Timing . . . . . . . . 38 Host Interface (Compressed Data) Register Timing . . . . 40 PINOUTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 PIN CONFIGURATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 ORDERING GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 HOST INTERFACE COMPRESSED VIDEO OUT (ENCODE) STATUS AND CONTROL COMPRESSED VIDEO IN (DECODE) ADV601LC ULTRALOW COST, VIDEO CODEC Figure 1. Functional Block Diagram The ADV601LC adheres to international standard CCIR-601 for studio quality digital video. The codec also supports a range of field sizes and rates providing high performance in computer, PAL, NTSC, or still image environments. The ADV601LC is designed only for real-time interlaced video, full frames of video are formed and processed as two independent fields of data. The ADV601LC supports the field rates and sizes in Table I. Note that the maximum active field size is 768 by 288. The maximum pixel rate is 14.75 MHz. The ADV601LC has a generic 16-/32-bit host interface, which includes a 512-position, 32-bit wide FIFO for compressed video. With additional external hardware, the ADV601LC's host interface is suitable (when interfaced to other devices) for moving compressed video over PCI, ISA, SCSI, SONET, 10 Base T, ARCnet, HDSL, ADSL, and a broad range of digital interfaces. For a full description of the Host Interface, see the Host Interface section. The compressed data rate is determined by the input data rate and the selected compression ratio. The ADV601LC can achieve a near constant compressed bit rate by using the current field statistics in the off-chip bin width calculator on the external DSP or Host. The process of calculating bin widths on a DSP or Host can be "adaptive," optimizing the compressed bit rate in real time. This feature provides a near constant bit rate out of the host interface in spite of scene changes or other types of source material changes that would otherwise create bit rate burst conditions. For more information on the quantizer, see the Programmable Quantizer section. The ADV601LC typically yields visually loss-less compression on natural images at a 4:1 compression ratio. Desired image quality levels can vary widely in different applications, so it is advisable to evaluate image quality of known source material at different compression ratios to find the best compression range for the application. The sub-band coding architecture of the ADV601LC provides a number of options to stretch compression performance. These options are outlined on in the Applying the ADV601LC section. Table I. ADV601LC Field Rates and Sizes Standard Name CCIR-601/525 CCIR-601/625 Active Region Horizontal 720 720 Active Region Vertical1 243 288 Total Region Horizontal 858 864 Total Region Vertical 262.5 312.5 Field Rate (Hz) 59.94 50.00 Pixel Rate (MHz)2 13.50 13.50 NOTES 1 The maximum active field size is 720 by 288. 2 The maximum pixel rate is 13.5 MHz. -2- REV. 0 ADV601LC INTERNAL ARCHITECTURE Huffman Coder The ADV601LC is composed of eight blocks. Three of these blocks are interface blocks and five are processing blocks. The interface blocks are the Digital Video I/O Port, the Host I/O Port, and the external DRAM manager. The processing blocks are the Wavelet Kernel, the On-Chip Transform Buffer, the Programmable Quantizer, the Run Length Coder, and the Huffman Coder. Digital Video I/O Port Performs Huffman coder and decoder functions on quantized run-length coded coefficient values. The Huffman coder/decoder uses three ROM-coded Huffman tables that provide excellent performance for wavelet transformed video. GENERAL THEORY OF OPERATION Provides a real-time uncompressed video interface to support a broad range of component digital video formats, including "D1." Host I/O Port and FIFO Carries control, status, and compressed video to and from the host processor. A 512 position by 32-bit FIFO buffers the compressed video stream between the host and the Huffman Coder. DRAM Manager The ADV601LC processor's compression algorithm is based on the bi-orthogonal (7, 9) wavelet transform, and implements field independent sub-band coding. Sub-band coders transform twodimensional spatial video data into spatial frequency filtered sub-bands. The quantization and entropy encoding processes provide the ADV601LC's data compression. The wavelet theory, on which the ADV601LC is based, is a new mathematical apparatus first explicitly introduced by Morlet and Grossman in their works on geophysics during the mid 80s. This theory became very popular in theoretical physics and applied math. The late 80s and 90s have seen a dramatic growth in wavelet applications such as signal and image processing. For more on wavelet theory by Morlet and Grossman, see Decomposition of Hardy Functions into Square Integrable Wavelets of Constant Shape (journal citation listed in References section). ENCODE PATH DECODE PATH WAVELET KERNEL FILTER BANK RUN LENGTH CODER & HUFFMAN CODER Performs all tasks related to writing, reading, and refreshing the external DRAM. The external host buffer DRAM is used for reordering and buffering quantizer input and output values. Wavelet Kernel (Filters, Decimator, and Interpolator) Gathers statistics on a per field basis and includes a block of filters, interpolators, and decimators. The kernel calculates forward and backward bi-orthogonal, two-dimensional, separable wavelet transforms on horizontal scanned video data. This block uses the internal transform buffer when performing wavelet transforms calculated on an entire image's data and so eliminates any need for extremely fast external memories in an ADV601LC-based design. On-Chip Transform Buffer ADAPTIVE QUANTIZER COMPRESSED DATA Figure 2. Encode and Decode Paths References Provides an internal set of SRAM for use by the wavelet transform kernel. Its function is to provide enough delay line storage to support calculation of separable two dimensional wavelet transforms for horizontally scanned images. Programmable Quantizer For more information on the terms, techniques and underlying principles referred to in this data sheet, you may find the following reference texts useful. A reference text for general digital video principles is: Jack, K., Video Demystified: A Handbook for the Digital Engineer (High Text Publications, 1993) ISBN 1-878707-09-4 Three reference texts for wavelet transform background information are: Vetterli, M., Kovacevic, J., Wavelets And Sub-band Coding (Prentice Hall, 1995) ISBN 0-13-097080-8 Benedetto, J., Frazier, M., Wavelets: Mathematics And Applications (CRC Press, 1994) ISBN 0-8493-8271-8 Grossman, A., Morlet, J., Decomposition of Hardy Functions into Square Integrable Wavelets of Constant Shape, Siam. J. Math. Anal., Vol. 15, No. 4, pp 723-736, 1984 Quantizes wavelet coefficients. Quantize controls are calculated by the external DSP or host processor during encode operations and de-quantize controls are extracted from the compressed bit stream during decode. Each quantizer Bin Width is computed by the BW calculator software to maintain a constant compressed bit rate or constant quality bit rate. A Bin Width is a per block parameter the quantizer uses when determining the number of bits to allocate to each block (sub-band). Run Length Coder Performs run length coding on zero data and models nonzero data, encoding or decoding for more efficient Huffman coding. This data coding is optimized across the sub-bands and varies depending on the block being coded. REV. 0 -3- ADV601LC THE WAVELET KERNEL This block contains a set of filters and decimators that work on the image in both horizontal and vertical directions. Figure 6 illustrates the filter tree structure. The filters apply carefully chosen wavelet basis functions that better correlate to the broadband nature of images than the sinusoidal waves used in Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) compression schemes (JPEG, MPEG, and H261). An advantage of wavelet-based compression is that the entire image can be filtered without being broken into sub-blocks as required in DCT compression schemes. This full image filtering eliminates the block artifacts seen in DCT compression and offers more graceful image degradation at high compression ratios. The availability of full image sub-band data also makes image processing, scaling, and a number of other system features possible with little or no computational overhead. The resultant filtered image is made up of components of the original image as is shown in Figure 3 (a modified Mallat Tree). Note that Figure 3 shows how a component of video would be filtered, but in multiple component video luminance and color components are filtered separately. In Figure 4 and Figure 5 an actual image and the Mallat Tree (luminance only) equivalent is shown. It is important to note that while the image has been filtered or transformed into the frequency domain, no compression has occurred. With the image in its filtered state, it is now ready for processing in the second block, the quantizer. Understanding the structure and function of the wavelet filters and resultant product is the key to obtaining the highest performance from the ADV601LC. Consider the following points: * The data in all blocks (except N) for all components are high pass filtered. Therefore, the mean pixel value in those blocks is typically zero and a histogram of the pixel values in these blocks will contain a single "hump" (Laplacian distribution). * The data in most blocks is more likely to contain zeros or strings of zeros than unfiltered image data. * The human visual system is less sensitive to higher frequency blocks than low ones. * Attenuation of the selected blocks in luminance or color components results in control over sharpness, brightness, contrast and saturation. * High quality filtered/decimated images can be extracted/created without computational overhead. Through leverage of these key points, the ADV601LC not only compresses video, but offers a host of application features. Please see the Applying the ADV601LC section for details on getting the most out of the ADV601LC's sub-band coding architecture in different applications. N M J L K I F H C G E A D B BLOCK A IS HIGH PASS IN X AND DECIMATED BY TWO. BLOCK B IS HIGH PASS IN X, HIGH PASS IN Y, AND DECIMATED BY EIGHT. BLOCK C IS HIGH PASS IN X, LOW PASS IN Y, AND DECIMATED BY EIGHT. BLOCK D IS LOW PASS IN X, HIGH PASS IN Y, AND DECIMATED BY EIGHT. BLOCK E IS HIGH PASS IN X, HIGH PASS IN Y, AND DECIMATED BY 32. BLOCK F IS HIGH PASS IN X, LOW PASS IN Y, AND DECIMATED BY 32. BLOCK G IS LOW PASS IN X, HIGH PASS IN Y, AND DECIMATED BY 32. BLOCK H IS HIGH PASS IN X, HIGH PASS IN Y, AND DECIMATED BY 128. BLOCK I IS HIGH PASS IN X, LOW PASS IN Y, AND DECIMATED BY 128. BLOCK J IS LOW PASS IN X, HIGH PASS IN Y, AND DECIMATED BY 128. BLOCK K IS HIGH PASS IN X, HIGH PASS IN Y, AND DECIMATED BY 512. BLOCK L IS HIGH PASS IN X, LOW PASS IN Y, AND DECIMATED BY 512. BLOCK M IS LOW PASS IN X, HIGH PASS IN Y, AND DECIMATED BY 512. BLOCK N IS LOW PASS IN X, LOW PASS IN Y, AND DECIMATED BY 512. Figure 3. Modified Mallat Diagram (Block Letters Correspond to Those in Filter Tree) -4- REV. 0 ADV601LC Figure 4. Unfiltered Original Image (Analog Devices Corporate Offices, Norwood, Massachusetts) Figure 5. Modified Mallat Diagram of Image REV. 0 -5- ADV601LC LUMINANCE AND COLOR COMPONENTS (EACH SEPARATELY) BLOCK # INDICATES CORRESPONDING BLOCK LETTER ON MALLAT DIAGRAM X 2 INDICATES DECIMATE BY TWO IN X Y 2 INDICATES DECIMATE BY TWO IN Y HIGH PASS IN X X2 LOW PASS IN X X2 STAGE 1 BLOCK A HIGH PASS IN X X2 LOW PASS IN X X2 STAGE 2 HIGH PASS IN Y Y2 LOW PASS IN Y Y2 HIGH PASS IN Y Y2 LOW PASS IN Y Y2 BLOCK B BLOCK C BLOCK D HIGH PASS IN X X2 LOW PASS IN X X2 STAGE 3 HIGH PASS IN Y Y2 LOW PASS IN Y Y2 HIGH PASS IN Y Y2 LOW PASS IN Y Y2 BLOCK E BLOCK F BLOCK G HIGH PASS IN X X2 LOW PASS IN X X2 STAGE 4 HIGH PASS IN Y Y2 LOW PASS IN Y Y2 HIGH PASS IN Y Y2 LOW PASS IN Y Y2 BLOCK H BLOCK I BLOCK J HIGH PASS IN X X2 LOW PASS IN X X2 STAGE 5 HIGH PASS IN Y Y2 LOW PASS IN Y Y2 HIGH PASS IN Y Y2 LOW PASS IN Y Y2 BLOCK K BLOCK L BLOCK M BLOCK N Figure 6. Wavelet Filter Tree Structure -6- REV. 0 ADV601LC THE PROGRAMMABLE QUANTIZER This block quantizes the filtered image based on the response profile of the human visual system. In general, the human eye cannot resolve high frequencies in images to the same level of accuracy as lower frequencies. Through intelligent "quantization" of information contained within the filtered image, the ADV601LC achieves compression without compromising the visual quality of the image. Figure 7 shows the encode and decode data formats used by the quantizer. Figure 8 shows how a typical quantization pattern applies over Mallat block data. The high frequency blocks receive much larger quantization (appear darker) than the low frequency blocks (appear lighter). Looking at this figure, one sees some key point concerning quantization: (1) quantization relates directly to frequency in Mallat block data and (2) levels of quantization range widely from high to low frequency block. (Note that the fill is based on a log formula.) The relation between actual ADV601LC bin width factors and the Mallat block fill pattern in Figure 8 appears in Table II. 39 36 33 30 27 24 15 21 6 18 12 QUANTIZER - ENCODE MODE 9.7 WAVELET DATA SIGNED SIGNED 15.17 DATA TRNC 15.0 BIN NUMBER UNSIGNED 0.5 6.10 1/BW 1/BW QUANTIZER - DECODE MODE 15.0 BIN NUMBER 23.8 DEQUANTIZED WAVELET DATA SIGNED SIGNED UNSIGNED 8.8 BW BW SAT 9.7 WAVELET DATA Figure 7. Programmable Quantizer Data Flow Y COMPONENT 0 9 3 40 34 37 31 25 16 28 22 Cb COMPONENT 7 19 13 1 10 4 41 35 38 32 26 17 29 23 Cr COMPONENT 8 20 14 2 11 5 LOW QUANTIZATION OF MALLAT BLOCKS HIGH Figure 8. Typical Quantization of Mallat Data Blocks (Graphed) REV. 0 -7- ADV601LC Table II. ADV601LC Typical Quantization of Mallat Data Block Data1 THE RUN LENGTH CODER AND HUFFMAN CODER Mallat Blocks 39 40 41 36 33 30 34 35 37 38 31 32 27 24 21 25 26 28 29 22 23 5 18 12 20 19 17 16 14 13 6 9 3 11 10 8 7 5 4 0 2 1 Bin Width Factors 0x007F 0x009A 0x009A 0x00BE 0x00BE 0x00E4 0x00E6 0x00E6 0x00E6 0x00E6 0x0114 0x0114 0x0281 0x0281 0x0301 0x0306 0x0306 0x0306 0x0306 0x03A1 0x03A1 0x0A16 0x0A16 0x0C1A 0x0C2E 0x0C2E 0x0C2E 0x0C2E 0x0E9D 0x0E9D 0x1DDC 0x1DDC 0x23D5 0x2410 0x2410 0x2410 0x2410 0x2B46 0x2B46 0xA417 0xC62B 0xC62B Reciprocal Bin Width Factors 0x0810 0x06a6 0x06a6 0x0564 0x0564 0x047e 0x0474 0x0474 0x0474 0x0474 0x03b6 0x03b6 0x0199 0x0199 0x0155 0x0153 0x0153 0x0153 0x0153 0x011a 0x011a 0x0066 0x0066 0x0055 0x0054 0x0054 0x0054 0x0054 0x0046 0x0046 0x0022 0x0022 0x001d 0x001c 0x001c 0x001c 0x001c 0x0018 0x0018 0x0006 0x0005 0x0005 This block contains two types of entropy coders that achieve mathematically loss-less compression: run length and Huffman. The run-length coder looks for long strings of zeros and replaces it with short hand symbols. Table III illustrates an example of how compression is possible. The Huffman coder is a digital compressor/decompressor that can be used for compressing any type of digital data. Essentially, an ideal Huffman coder creates a table of the most commonly occurring code sequences (typically zero and small values near zero) and then replaces those codes with some shorthand. The ADV601LC employs three fixed Huffman tables; it does not create tables. The filters and the quantizer increase the number of zeros and strings of zeros, which improves the performance of the entropy coders. The higher the selected compression ratio, the more zeros and small value sequences the quantizer needs to generate. The transformed image in Figure 5 shows that the filter bank concentrates zeros and small values in the higher frequency blocks. Encoding vs. Decoding The decoding of compressed video follows the exact path as encoding but in reverse order. There is no need to calculate Bin Widths during decode because the Bin Width is stored in the compressed image during encode. PROGRAMMER'S MODEL A host device configures the ADV601LC using the Host I/O Port. The host reads from status registers and writes to control registers through the Host I/O Port. Table IV. Register Description Conventions Register Name Register Type (Indirect or Direct, Read or Write) and Address Register Functional Description Text Bit [#] or Bit or Bit Field Name and Usage Description Bit Range [High:Low] 0 Action or Indication When Bit Is Cleared (Equals 0) 1 Action or Indication When Bit Is Set (Equals 1) NOTE 1 The Mallat block numbers, Bin Width factors, and Reciprocal Bin Width factors in Table II correspond to the shading percent fill) of Mallat blocks in Figure 8. Table III. Uncompressed Versus Compressed Data Using Run-Length Coding 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000(uncompressed) 57 Zeros (Compressed) -8- REV. 0 ADV601LC DIRECT (EXTERNALLY ACCESSIBLE) REGISTERS REGISTER ADDRESS 0x0 0x4 0x8 0xC RESERVED BYTE 3 RESERVED RESERVED COMPRESSED DATA INTERRUPT MASK / STATUS BYTE 2 BYTE 1 BYTE 0 RESET VALUE UNDEF UNDEF UNDEF 0x00 INDIRECT REGISTER ADDRESS INDIRECT REGISTER DATA 0x0 0x1 INDIRECT (INTERNALLY INDEXED) REGISTERS {ACCESS THESE REGISTERS THROUGH THE INDIRECT REGISTER ADDRESS AND INDIRECT REGISTER DATA REGISTERS} *NOTE: YOU MUST WRITE 0X0880 TO THE MODE CONTROL REGISTER ON CHIP RESET TO SELECT THE CORRECT PIXEL MODE 0x2 0x3 0x4 0x5 0x6 0x7 - 0x7F 0x80 - 0xA9 0xAA 0xAB 0xAC 0xAD 0xAE 0xAF 0xB0 0xB1 0xB2 0xB3 - 0xFF 0x100 0x101 RESERVED MODE CONTROL* FIFO CONTROL HSTART HEND VSTART VEND RESERVED RESERVED SUM OF SQUARES [0 - 41] SUM OF LUMA SUM OF Cb SUM OF Cr MIN LUMA MAX LUMA MIN Cb MAX Cb MIN Cr MAX Cr RESERVED RBW0 BW0 0x0980 0x88 0x000 0x3FF 0x000 0x3FF UNDEF UNDEF UNDEF UNDEF UNDEF UNDEF UNDEF UNDEF UNDEF UNDEF UNDEF UNDEF UNDEF UNDEF UNDEF 0x152 0x153 RBW41 BW41 UNDEF UNDEF Figure 9. Map of ADV601LC Direct and Indirect Registers REV. 0 -9- ADV601LC ADV601LC REGISTER DESCRIPTIONS Indirect Address Register Direct (Write) Register Byte Offset 0x00. This register holds a 16-bit value (index) that selects the indirect register accessible to the host through the indirect data register. All indirect write registers are 16 bits wide. The address in this register is auto-incremented on each subsequent access of the indirect data register. This capability enhances I/O performance during modes of operation where the host is calculating Bin Width controls. [15:0] Indirect Address Register, IAR[15:0]. Holds a 16-bit value (index) that selects the indirect register to read or write through the indirect data register (undefined at reset) [31:16] Reserved (undefined read/write zero) Indirect Register Data Direct (Read/Write) Register Byte Offset 0x04 This register holds a 16-bit value read or written from or to the indirect register indexed by the Indirect Address Register. [15:0] Indirect Register Data, IRD[15:0]. A 16-bit value read or written to the indexed indirect register. Undefined at reset. [31:16] Reserved (undefined read/write zero) Compressed Data Register Direct (Read/Write) Register Byte Offset 0x08 This register holds a 32-bit sequence from the compressed video bit stream. This register is buffered by a 512 position, 32-bit FIFO. For Word (16-bit) accesses, access Word0 (Byte 0 and Byte 1) then Word1 (Byte 2 and Byte 3) for correct auto-increment. For a description of the data sequence, see the Compressed Data Stream Definition section. [31:0] Compressed Data Register, CDR[31:0]. 32-bit value containing compressed video stream data. At reset, contents undefined. Interrupt Mask / Status Register Direct (Read/Write) Register Byte Offset 0x0C This 16-bit register contains interrupt mask and status bits that control the state of the ADV601LC's HIRQ pin. With the seven mask bits (IE_LCODE, IE_STATSR, IE_FIFOSTP, IE_FIFOSRQ, IE_FIFOERR, IE_CCIRER, IE_MERR); select the conditions that are ORed together to determine the output of the HIRQ pin. Six of the status bits (LCODE, STATSR, FIFOSTP, MERR, FIFOERR, CCIRER) indicate active interrupt conditions and are sticky bits that stay set until read. Because sticky status bits are cleared when read, and these bits are set on the positive edge of the condition coming true, they cannot be read or tested for stable level true conditions multiple times. The FIFOSRQ bit is not sticky. This bit can be polled to monitor for a FIFOSRQ true condition. Note: Enable this monitoring by using the FIFOSRQ bit and correctly programming DSL and ESL fields within the FIFO control registers. [0] CCIR-656 Error in CCIR-656 data stream, CCIRER. This read only status bit indicates the following: 0 1 [1] 0 1 [2] No CCIR-656 Error condition, reset value Unrecoverable error in CCIR-656 data stream (missing sync codes) No Statistics Ready condition, reset value (STATS_R pin LO) Statistics Ready for BW calculator (STATS_R pin HI) Statistics Ready, STATSR. This read only status bit indicates the following: Last Code Read, LCODE. This read only status bit indicates the last compressed data word for field will be retrieved from the FIFO on the next read from the host bus. 0 1 No Last Code condition, reset value (LCODE pin LO) Next read retrieves last word for field in FIFO (LCODE pin HI) No FIFO Service Request condition, reset value (FIFO_SRQ pin LO) FIFO is nearly full (encode) or nearly empty (decode) (FIFO_SRQ pin HI) [3] FIFO Service Request, FIFOSRQ. This read only status bit indicates the following: 0 1 -10- REV. 0 ADV601LC [4] FIFO Error, FIFOERR. This condition indicates that the host has been unable to keep up with the ADV601LC's compressed data supply or demand requirements. If this condition occurs during encode, the data stream will not be corrupted until MERR indicates that the DRAM is also overflowed. If this condition occurs during decode, the video output will be corrupted. If the system overflows the FIFO (disregarding a FIFOSTP condition) with too many writes in decode mode, FIFOERR is asserted. This read only status bit indicates the following: 0 No FIFO Error condition, reset value (FIFO_ERR pin LO) 1 FIFO overflow (encode) or underflow (decode) (FIFO_ERR pin HI) FIFO Stop, FIFOSTP. This condition indicates that the FIFO is full in decode mode and empty in encode mode. In decode mode only, FIFOSTP status actually behaves more conservatively than this. In decode mode, even when FIFOSTP is indicated, there are still 32 empty Dwords available in the FIFO and 32 more Dword writes can safely be performed. This status bit indicates the following: 0 No FIFO Stop condition, reset value (FIFO_STP pin LO) 1 FIFO empty (encode) or full (decode) (FIFO_STP pin HI) Memory Error, MERR. This condition indicates that an error has occurred at the DRAM memory interface. This condition can be caused by a defective DRAM, the inability of the Host to keep up with the ADV601LC compressed data stream, or bit errors in the data stream. Note that the ADV601LC recovers from this condition without host intervention. 0 No memory error condition, reset value 1 Memory error Reserved (always read/write zero) Interrupt Enable on CCIRER, IE_CCIRER. This mask bit selects the following: 0 Disable CCIR-656 data error interrupt, reset value 1 Enable interrupt on error in CCIR-656 data Interrupt Enable on STATR, IE_STATR. This mask bit selects the following: 0 Disable Statistics Ready interrupt, reset value 1 Enable interrupt on Statistics Ready Interrupt Enable on LCODE, IE_LCODE. This mask bit selects the following: 0 Disable Last Code Read interrupt, reset value 1 Enable interrupt on Last Code Read from FIFO Interrupt Enable on FIFOSRQ, IE_FIFOSRQ. This mask bit selects the following: 0 Disable FIFO Service Request interrupt, reset value 1 Enable interrupt on FIFO Service Request Interrupt Enable on FIFOERR, IE_FIFOERR. This mask bit selects the following: 0 Disable FIFO Stop interrupt, reset value 1 Enable interrupt on FIFO Stop Interrupt Enable on FIFOSTP, IE_FIFOSTP. This mask bit selects the following: 0 Disable FIFO Error interrupt, reset value 1 Enable interrupt on FIFO Error Interrupt Enable on MERR, IE_MERR. This mask bit selects the following: 0 Disable memory error interrupt, reset value 1 Enable interrupt on memory error Reserved (always read/write zero) [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] Mode Control Register Indirect (Write Only) Register Index 0x00 This register holds configuration data for the ADV601LC's video interface format and controls several other video interface features. For more information on formats and modes, see the Video Interface section. Bits in this register have the following functions: [3:0] Video Interface Format, VIF[3:0]. These bits select the interface format. Valid settings include the following (all other values are reserved): 0x0 CCIR-656, reset value 0x2 MLTPX (Philips) [4] VCLK Output Divided by two, VCLK2. This bit controls the following: 0 Do not divide VCLK output (VCLKO = VCLK), reset value 1 Divide VCLK output by two (VCLKO = VCLK/2) -11- REV. 0 ADV601LC Video Interface Master/Slave Mode Select, M/S. This bit selects the following: 0 Slave mode video interface (External control of video timing, HSYNC-VSYNC-FIELD are inputs), reset value 1 Master mode video interface (ADV601LC controls video timing, HSYNC-VSYNC are outputs) [6] Video Interface 525/625 (NTSC/PAL) Mode Select, P/N. This bit selects the following: 0 525 mode video interface, reset value 1 625 mode video interface [7] Video Interface Encode/Decode Mode Select, E/D. This bit selects the following: 0 Decode mode video interface (compressed-to-raw) 1 Encode mode video interface (raw-to-compressed), reset value [8] Reserved (always write zero) [9] Video Interface Bipolar/Unipolar Color Component Select, BUC. This bit selects the following: 0 Bipolar color component mode video interface, reset value 1 Unipolar color component mode video interface [10] Reserved (always write zero) [11] Video Interface Software Reset, SWR. This bit has the following effects on ADV601LC operations: 0 Normal operation 1 Software Reset. This bit is set on hardware reset and must be cleared before the ADV601LC can begin processing. (reset value) When this bit is set during encode, the ADV601LC completes processing the current field then suspends operation until the SWR bit is cleared. When this bit is set during decode, the ADV601LC suspends operation immediately and does not resume operation until the SWR bit is cleared. Note that this bit must be set whenever any other bit in the Mode register is changed. [12] HSYNC pin Polarity, PHSYNC. This bit has the following effects on ADV601LC operations: 0 HSYNC is HI during blanking, reset value 1 HSYNC is LO during blanking (HI during active) [13] HIRQ pin Polarity, PHIRQ. This bit has the following effects on ADV601LC operations: 0 HIRQ is active LO, reset value 1 HIRQ is active HI [15:14] Reserved (always write zero) FIFO Control Register [5] Indirect (Read/Write) Register Index 0x01 This register holds the service-request settings for the ADV601LC's host interface FIFO, causing interrupts for the "nearly full" and "nearly empty" levels. Because each register is four bits in size, and the FIFO is 512 positions, the 4-bit value must be multiplied by 32 (decimal) to determine the exact value for encode service level (nearly full) and decode service level (nearly empty). The ADV601LC uses these setting to determine when to generate a FIFO Service Request related host interrupt (FIFOSRQ bit and FIFO_SRQ pin). [3:0] Encode Service Level, ESL[3:0]. The value in this field determines when the FIFO is considered nearly full on encode; a condition that generates a FIFO service request condition in encode mode. Since this register is four bits (16 states), and the FIFO is 512 positions, the step size for each bit in this register is 32 positions. The following table summarizes sample states of the register and their meaning. ESL Interrupt When . . . 0000 Disables service requests (FIFO_SRQ never goes HI during encode) 0001 FIFO has only 32 positions filled (FIFO_SRQ when >= 32 positions are filled) 1000 FIFO is 1/2 full, reset value 1111 FIFO has only 32 positions empty (480 positions filled) [7:4] Decode Service Level, DSL[7:4]. The value in this field determines when the FIFO is considered nearly empty in decode; a condition that generates a FIFO service request in decode mode. Because this register is four bits (16 states), and the FIFO is 512 positions, the step size for each bit in this register is 32 positions. The following table summarizes sample states of the register and their meaning. DSL Interrupt When . . . 0000 Disables service requests (FIFO_SRQ never goes HI) 0001 FIFO has only 32 positions filled (480 positions empty) 1000 FIFO is 1/2 empty, reset value 1111 FIFO has only 32 positions empty (FIFO_SRQ when >= 32 positions are empty) [15:8] Reserved (always write zero) -12- REV. 0 ADV601LC VIDEO AREA REGISTERS The area defined by the HSTART, HEND, VSTART and VEND registers is the active area that the wavelet kernel processes. Video data outside the active video area is set to minimum luminance and zero chrominance (black) by the ADV601LC. These registers allow cropping of the input video during compression (encode only), but do not change the image size. Figure 10 shows how the video area registers work together. HEND HSTART Some comments on how these registers work are as follows: 0, 0 * The vertical numbers include the blanking areas of the video. Specifically, a VSTART value of 21 will include the first line of active video, and the first pixel in a line corresponds to a value HSTART of 0 (for NTSC regular). Note that the vertical coordinates start with 1, whereas the horizontal coordinates start with 0. * The default cropping mode is set for the entire frame. Specifically, Field 2 starts at a VSTART value of 283 (for NTSC regular). VEND ZERO ZERO ZERO X, Y MAX FOR SELECTED VIDEO MODE ZERO ZERO ZERO VSTART ZERO ACTIVE VIDEO AREA ZERO Figure 10. Video Area and Video Area Registers HSTART Register Indirect (Write Only) Register Index 0x02 This register holds the setting for the horizontal start of the ADV601LC's active video area. The value in this register is usually set to zero, but in cases where you wish to crop incoming video it is possible to do so by changing HST. [9:0] Horizontal Start, HST[9:0]. 10-bit value defining the start of the active video region. (0 at reset) [15:10] Reserved (always write zero) HEND Register Indirect (Write Only) Register Index 0x03 This register holds the setting for the horizontal end of the ADV601LC's active video area. If the value is larger than the max size of the selected video mode, the ADV601LC uses the max size of the selected mode for HEND. [9:0] Horizontal End, HEN[9:0].10-bit value defining the end of the active video region. (0x3FF at reset this value is larger than the max size of the largest video mode) [15:10] Reserved (always write zero) VSTART Register Indirect (Write Only) Register Index 0x04 This register holds the setting for the vertical start of the ADV601LC's active video area. The value in this register is usually set to zero unless you want to crop the active video. To vertically crop video while encoding, program the VSTART and VEND registers with actual video line numbers, which differ for each field. The VSTART and VEND contents must be updated on each field. Perform this updating as part of the field-by-field BW register update process. To perform this dynamic update correctly, the update software must keep track of which field is being processed next. [9:0] Vertical Start, VST[9:0]. 10-bit value defining the starting line of the active video region, with line numbers from 1-to-625 in PAL and 1-to-525 in NTSC. (0 at reset) [15:10] Reserved (always write zero) VEND Register Indirect (Write Only) Register Index 0x05 This register holds the setting for the vertical end of the ADV601LC's active video area. If the value is larger than the max size of the selected video mode, the ADV601LC uses the max size of the selected mode for VEND. To vertically crop video while encoding, program the VSTART and VEND registers with actual video line numbers, which differ for each field. The VSTART and VEND contents must be updated on each field. Perform this updating as part of the field-by-field BW register update process. To perform this dynamic update correctly, the update software must keep track of which field is being processed next. [9:0] Vertical End, VEN[9:0]. 10-bit value defining the ending line of the active video region, with line numbers from 1-to-625 in PAL and 1-to-525 in NTSC. (0x3FF at reset--this value is larger than the max size of the largest video mode) [15:10] Reserved (always write zero) REV. 0 -13- ADV601LC Sum of Squares [0-41] Registers Indirect (Read Only) Register Index 0x080 through 0x0A9 The Sum of Squares [0-41] registers hold values that correspond to the summation of values (squared) in corresponding Mallat blocks [0-41]. These registers let the Host or DSP read sum of squares statistics from the ADV601LC; using these values (with the Sum of Value, MIN Value, and MAX Value) the host or DSP can then calculate the BW and RBW values. The ADV601LC indicates that the sum of squares statistics have been updated by setting (1) the STATR bit and asserting the STAT_R pin. Read the statistics at any time. The Host reads these values through the Host Interface. [15:0] Sum of Squares, STS[15:0]. 16-bit values [0-41] for corresponding Mallat blocks [0-41] (undefined at reset). Sum of Square values are 16-bit codes that represent the Most Significant Bits of values ranging from 40 bits for small blocks to 48 bits for large blocks. The 16-bit codes have the following precision: Blocks Precision Sum of Squares Precision Description 0-2 48.-32 48.-bits wide, left shift code by 32-bits, and zero fill 3-11 46.-30 46.-bits wide, left shift code by 30-bits, and zero fill 12-20 44.-28 44.-bits wide, left shift code by 28-bits, and zero fill 21-29 42.-26 42.-bits wide, left shift code by 26-bits, and zero fill 30-41 40.-24 40.-bits wide, left shift code by 24-bits, and zero fill If the Sum of Squares code were 0x0025 for block 10, the actual value would be 0x000940000000; if using that same code, 0x0025, for block 30, the actual value would be 0x0025000000. [31:0] Reserved (always read zero) Sum of Luma Value Register Indirect (Read Only) Register Index 0x0AA The Sum of Luma Value register lets the host or DSP read the sum of pixel values for the Luma component in block 39. The Host reads these values through the Host Interface. [15:0] Sum of Luma, SL[15:0]. 16-bit component pixel values (undefined at reset) [31:0] Reserved (always read zero) Sum of Cb Value Register Indirect (Read Only) Register Index 0x0AB The Sum of Cb Value register lets the host or DSP read the sum of pixel values for the Cb component in block 40. The Host reads these values through the Host Interface. [15:0] Sum of Cb, SCB[15:0]. 16-bit component pixel values (undefined at reset) [31:0] Reserved (always read zero) Sum of Cr Value Register Indirect (Read Only) Register Index 0x0AC The Sum of Cr Value register lets the host or DSP read the sum of pixel values for the Cr component in block 41. The Host reads these values through the Host Interface. [15:0] Sum of Cr, SCR[15:0]. 16-bit component pixel values (undefined at reset) [31:0] Reserved (always read zero) MIN Luma Value Register Indirect (Read Only) Register Index 0x0AD The MIN Luma Value register lets the host or DSP read the minimum pixel value for the Luma component in the unprocessed data. The Host reads these values through the Host Interface. [15:0] Minimum Luma, MNL[15:0]. 16-bit component pixel value (undefined at reset) [31:0] Reserved (always read zero) MAX Luma Value Register Indirect (Read Only) Register Index 0x0AE The MAX Luma Value register lets the host or DSP read the maximum pixel value for the Luma component in the unprocessed data. The Host reads these values through the Host Interface. [15:0] [31:0] Maximum Luma, MXL[15:0]. 16-bit component pixel value (undefined at reset) Reserved (always read zero) -14- REV. 0 ADV601LC MIN Cb Value Register Indirect (Read Only) Register Index 0x0AF The MIN Cb Value register lets the host or DSP read the minimum pixel value for the Cb component in the unprocessed data. The Host reads these values through the Host Interface. [15:0] [31:0] Minimum Cb, MNCB[15:0], 16-bit component pixel value (undefined at reset) Reserved (always read zero) MAX Cb Value Register Indirect (Read Only) Register Index 0x0B0 The MAX Cb Value register lets the host or DSP read the maximum pixel value for the Cb component in the unprocessed data. The Host reads these values through the Host Interface. [15:0] [31:0] Maximum Cb, MXCB[15:0].16-bit component pixel value (undefined at reset) Reserved (always read zero) MIN Cr Value Register Indirect (Read Only) Register Index 0x0B1 The MIN Cr Value register lets the host or DSP read the minimum pixel value for the Cr component in the unprocessed data. The Host reads these values through the Host Interface. [15:0] [31:0] Minimum Cr, MNCR[15:0]. 16-bit component pixel value (undefined at reset) Reserved (always read zero) MAX Cr Value Register Indirect (Read Only) Register Index 0x0B2 The MAX Cr Value register lets the host or DSP read the maximum pixel value for the Cr component in the unprocessed data. The Host reads these values through the Host Interface. [15:0] [31:0] Maximum Cr, MXCR[15:0]. 16-bit component pixel value (undefined at reset) Reserved (always read zero) Bin Width and Reciprocal Bin Width Registers Indirect (Read/Write) Register Index 0x0100-0x0153 The RBW and BW values are calculated by the host or DSP from data in the Sum of Squares [0-41], Sum of Value, MIN Value, and MAX Value registers; then are written to RBW and BW registers during encode mode to control the quantizer. The Host writes these values through the Host Interface. These registers contain a 16-bit interleaved table of alternating RBW/BW (RBW-even addresses and BW-odd addresses) values as indexed on writes by address register. Bin Widths are 8.8, unsigned, 16-bit, fixed-point values. Reciprocal Bin Widths are 6.10, unsigned, 16-bit, fixed-point values. Operation of this register is controlled by the host driver or the DSP (84 total entries) (undefined at reset). [15:0] [15:0] Bin Width Values, BW[15:0] Reciprocal Bin Width Values, RBW[15:0] REV. 0 -15- ADV601LC PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS Clock Pins Name VCLK/XTAL Pins 2 I/O I Description A single clock (VCLK) or crystal input (across VCLK and XTAL). An acceptable 50% duty cycle clock signal is 27 MHz (CCIR-601 NTSC/PAL). If using a clock crystal, use a parallel resonant, microprocessor grade clock crystal. If using a clock input, use a TTL level input, 50% duty cycle clock with 1 ns (or less) jitter (measured rising edge to rising edge). Slowly varying, low jitter clocks are acceptable; up to 5% frequency variation in 0.5 sec. VCLK Output or VCLK Output divided by two. Select function using Mode Control register. VCLKO Video Interface Pins 1 O Name VSYNC Pins 1 I/O I or O Description Vertical Sync or Vertical Blank. This pin can be either an output (Master Mode) or an input (Slave Mode). The pin operates as follows: * Output (Master) HI during inactive lines of video and LO otherwise * Input (Slave) a HI on this input indicates inactive lines of video Horizontal Sync or Horizontal Blank. This pin can be either an output (Master Mode) or an input (Slave Mode). The pin operates as follows: * Output (Master) HI during inactive portion of video line and LO otherwise * Input (Slave) a HI on this input indicates inactive portion of video line Note that the polarity of this signal is modified using the Mode Control register. For detailed timing information, see the Video Interface section. Field # or Frame Sync. This pin can be either an output (Master Mode) or an input (Slave Mode). The pin operates as follows: * Output (Master) HI during Field1 lines of video and LO otherwise * Input (Slave) a HI on this input indicates Field1 lines of video Encode or Decode. This output pin indicates the coding mode of the ADV601LC and operates as follows: * LO Decode Mode (Video Interface is output) * HI Encode Mode (Video Interface is input) Note that this pin can be used to control bus enable pins for devices connected to the ADV601LC Video Interface. 4:2:2 Video Data (8-bit digital component video data). These pins are inputs during encode mode and outputs during decode mode. When outputs (decode) these pins are compatible with 50 pF loads (rather than 30 pF as all other busses) to meet the high performance and large number of typical loads on this bus. The performance of these pins varies with the Video Interface Mode set in the Mode Control register, see the Video Interface section of this data sheet for pin assignments in each mode. Note that the Mode Control register also sets whether the color component is treated as either signed or unsigned. HSYNC 1 I or O FIELD 1 I or O ENC 1 O VDATA[7:0] 8 I/O -16- REV. 0 ADV601LC DRAM Interface Pins Name DDAT[15:0] Pins 16 I/O I/O Description DRAM Data Bus. The ADV601LC uses these pins for 16-bit data read/write operations to the external 256K x 16-bit DRAM. (The operation of the DRAM interface is fully automatic and controlled by internal functionality of the ADV601LC.) These pins are compatible with 30 pF loads. DRAM Address Bus. The ADV601LC uses these pins to form the multiplexed row/column address lines to the external DRAM. (The operation of the DRAM interface is fully automatic and controlled by internal functionality of the ADV601LC.) These pins are compatible with 30 pF loads. DRAM Row Address Strobe. This pin is compatible with 30 pF loads. DRAM Column Address Strobe. This pin is compatible with 30 pF loads. DRAM Write Enable. This pin is compatible with 30 pF loads. Note that the ADV601LC does not have a DRAM OE pin. Tie the DRAM's OE pin to ground. DADR[8:0] 9 O RAS CAS WE 1 1 1 O O O Host Interface Pins Name DATA[31:0] Pins 32 I/O I/O Description Host Data Bus. These pins make up a 32-bit wide host data bus. The host controls this asynchronous bus with the WR, RD, BE, and CS pins to communicate with the ADV601LC. These pins are compatible with 30 pF loads. Host DWord Address Bus. These two address pins let you address the ADV601LC's four directly addressable host interface registers. For an illustration of how this addressing works, see the Control and Write Register Map figure and Status and Read Register Map figure. The ADR bits permit register addressing as follows: ADR1 ADR0 DWord Address Byte Address 0 0 0 0x00 0 1 1 0x04 1 0 2 0x08 1 1 3 0x0C Host Word Enable pins. These two input pins select the words that the ADV601LC's direct and indirect registers access through the Host Interface; BE0-BE1 access the least significant word, and BE2-BE3 access the most significant word. For a 32-bit interface only, tie these pins to ground, making all words available. Some important notes for 16-bit interfaces are as follows: * When using these byte enable pins, the byte order is always the lowest byte * to the higher bytes. * The ADV601LC advances to the next 32-bit compressed data FIFO location * after the BE2-BE3 pin is asserted then de-asserted (when accessing the Com* pressed Data register); so the FIFO location only advances when and if the * host reads or writes the MSW of a FIFO location. * The ADV601LC advances to the next 16-bit indirect register after the BE0-BE1 * pin is asserted then de-asserted; so the register selection only advances when * and if the host reads or writes the MSW of a 16-bit indirect register. Host Chip Select. This pin operates as follows: * LO Qualifies Host Interface control signals * HI Three-states DATA[31:0] pins Host Write. Host register writes occur on the rising edge of this signal. Host Read. Host register reads occur on the low true level of this signal. ADR[1:0] 2 I BE0-BE3 2 I CS 1 I WR RD 1 1 I I REV. 0 -17- ADV601LC Host Interface Pins (Continued) Name ACK Pins 1 I/O O Description Host Acknowledge. The ADV601LC acknowledges completion of a Host Interface access by asserting this pin. Most Host Interface accesses (other than the compressed data register access) result in ACK being held high for at least one wait cycle, but some exceptions to that rule are as follows: * A full FIFO during decode operations causes the ADV601LC to de-assert * (drive HI) the ACK pin, holding off further writes of compressed data until * the FIFO has one available location. * An empty FIFO during encode operations causes the ADV601LC to de-assert (drive HI) the ACK pin, holding off further reads until one location is filled. FIFO Service Request. This pin is an active high signal indicating that the FIFO needs to be serviced by the host. (see FIFO Control register). The state of this pin also appears in the Interrupt Mask/Status register. Use the interrupt mask to assert a Host interrupt (HIRQ pin) based on the state of the FIFO_SRQ pin. This pin operates as follows: * LO No FIFO Service Request condition (FIFOSRQ bit LO) * HI FIFO needs service is nearly full (encode) or nearly empty (decode) During encode, FIFO_SRQ is LO when the SWR bit is cleared (0) and goes HI when the FIFO is nearly full (see FIFO Control register). During decode, FIFO_SRQ is HI when the SWR bit is cleared (0), because FIFO is empty, and goes LO when the FIFO is filled beyond the nearly empty condition (see FIFO Control register). Statistics Ready. This pin indicates the Wavelet Statistics (contents of Sum of Squares, Sum of Value, MIN Value, MAX Value registers) have been updated and are ready for the Bin Width calculator to read them from the host interface. The frequency of this interrupt will be equal to the field rate. The state of this pin also appears in the Interrupt Mask/Status register. Use the interrupt mask to assert a Host interrupt (HIRQ pin) based on the state of the STATS_R pin. This pin operates as follows: * LO No Statistics Ready condition (STATSR bit LO) * HI Statistics Ready for BW calculator (STATSR bit HI) Last Compressed Data (for field). This bit indicates the last compressed data word for field will be retrieved from the FIFO on the next read from the host bus. The frequency of this interrupt is similar to the field rate, but varies depending on compression and host response. The state of this pin also appears in the Interrupt Mask/Status register. Use the interrupt mask to assert a Host interrupt (HIRQ pin) based on the state of the LCODE pin. This pin operates as follows: * LO No Last Code condition (LCODE bit LO) * HI Last data word for field has been read from FIFO (LCODE bit HI) Host Interrupt Request. This pin indicates an interrupt request to the Host. The Interrupt Mask/Status register can select conditions for this interrupt based on any or all of the following: FIFOSTP, FIFOSRQ, FIFOERR, LCODE, STATR or CCIR-656 unrecoverable error. Note that the polarity of the HIRQ pin can be modified using the Mode Control register. ADV601LC Chip Reset. Asserting this pin returns all registers to reset state. Note that the ADV601LC must be reset at least once after power-up with this active low signal input. For more information on reset, see the SWR bit description. FIFO_SRQ 1 O STATS_R 1 O LCODE 1 O HIRQ 1 O RESET 1 I Power Supply Pins Name GND VDD Pins 16 13 I/O I I Description Ground +5 V dc Digital Power -18- REV. 0 ADV601LC Video Interface The ADV601LC video interface supports two types of component digital video (D1) interfaces in both compression (input) and decompression (output) modes. These digital video interfaces include support for the Multiplexed Philips 4:2:2 and CCIR-656/SMPTE125M--international standard. Video interface master and slave modes allow for the generation or receiving of synchronization and blanking signals. Definitions for the different formats can be found later in this section. For recommended connections to popular video decoders and encoders, see the Connecting The ADV601LC To Popular Video Decoders and Encoders section. A complete list of supported video interfaces and sampling rates is included in Table V. Table V. Component Digital Video Interfaces Bits/ Color Component Space 8 8 YCrCb YUV Nominal Date Sampling Rate (MHz) I/F Width 4:2:2 4:2:2 27 27 8 8 receives the VSYNC, HSYNC, and FIELD signals. In master mode, the ADV601LC generates these signals for external hardware synchronization. In slave mode, the ADV601LC receives these signals. Note that some video formats require the ADV601LC to operate in slave mode only. This control is maintained by the host processor. * 525-625 (NTSC-PAL) Control This control determines whether the ADV601LC is operating on 525/NTSC video or 625/PAL video. This information is used when the ADV601LC is in master and decode modes so that the ADV601LC knows where and when to generate the HSYNC, VSYNC, and FIELD Pulses as well as when to insert the SAV and EAV time codes (for CCIR-656 only) in the data stream. This control is maintained by the host processor. Table VI shows how the 525-625 Control in the Mode Control register works. Table VI. Square Pixel Control, 525-625 Control, and Video Formats 525-625 Control 0 1 Max Horizontal Size 720 720 Max Field Size 243 288 Name CCIR-656 Multiplex Philips Internally, the video interface translates all video formats to one consistent format to be passed to the wavelet kernel. This consistent internal video standard is 4:2:2 at 16 bits accuracy. VITC and Closed Captioning Support NTSC-PAL CCIR-601 NTSC CCIR-601 PAL The video interface also supports the direct loss-less extraction of 90-bit VITC codes during encode and the insertion of VITC codes during decode. Closed Captioning data (found on active Video Line 21) is handled just as normal active video on an active scan line. As a result, no special dedicated support is necessary for Closed Captioning. The data rates for Closed Captioning data are low enough to ensure robust operation of this mechanism at compression ratios of 50:1 and higher. Note that you must include Video Line 21 in the ADV601LC's defined active video area for Closed Caption support. 27 MHz Nominal Sampling * Bipolar/Unipolar Color Component This mode determines whether offsets are used on color components. In Philips mode, this control is usually set to Bipolar, since the color components are normal twos-compliment signed values. In CCIR-656 mode, this control is set to Unipolar, since the color components are offset by 128. Note that it is likely the ADV601LC will function if this control is in the wrong state, but compression performance will be degraded. It is important to set this bit correctly. * Active Area Control Four registers HSTART (horizontal start), HEND (horizontal end), VSTART (vertical start) and VEND (vertical end) determine the active video area. The maximum active video area is 720 by 288 pixels for a single field. * Video Format This control determines the video format that is supported. In general, the goal of the various video formats is to support glueless interfaces to the wide variety of video formats peripheral components expect. This control is maintained by the host processor. Table VII shows a synopsis of the supported video formats. Definitions of each format can be found later in this section. For Video Interface pins descriptions, see the Pin Function Descriptions. There is one clock input (VCLK) to support all internal processing elements. This is a 50% duty cycle signal and must be synchronous to the video data. Internally this clock is doubled using a phase locked loop to provide for a 54 MHz internal processing clock. The clock interface is a two pin interface that allows a crystal oscillator to be tied across the pins or a clock oscillator to drive one pin. The nominal clock rate for the video interface is 27 MHz. Note that the ADV601LC also supports a pixel rate of 13.5 MHz. Video Interface and Modes In all, there are seven programmable features that configure the video interface. These are: * Encode-Decode Control In addition to determining what functions the internal processing elements must perform, this control determines the direction of the video interface. In decode mode, the video interface outputs data. In encode mode, the interface receives data. The state of the control is reflected on the ENC pin. This pin can be used as an enable input by external line drivers. This control is maintained by the host processor. * Master-Slave Control This control determines whether the ADV601LC generates or REV. 0 -19- ADV601LC Clocks and Strobes All video data is synchronous to the video clock (VCLK). The rising edge of VCLK is used to clock all data into the ADV601LC. Synchronization and Blanking Pins Table VIII. VDATA[7:0] Pin Functions Under CCIR-656 and Multiplex Philips VDATA[7:0] Pins 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 CCIR-656 Data9 Data8 Data7 Data6 Data5 Data4 Data3 Data2 Multiplex Philips Data9 Data8 Data7 Data6 Data5 Data4 Data3 Data2 Three signals, which can be configured as inputs or outputs, are used for video frame and field horizontal synchronization and blanking. These signals are VSYNC, HSYNC, and FIELD. VDATA Pins Functions With Differing Video Interface Formats The functionality of the Video Interface pins depends on the current video format. Table VIII defines how Video data pins are used for the various formats. Table VII. Component Digital Video Formats Name CCIR-656 Multiplex Philips Bit/ Component 8 8 Color Space YCrCb YUV Sampling 4:2:2 4:2:2 Nominal Data Rate (MHz) 27 <=29.5 Master/ Slave Master Either I/F Width 8 8 Format Number 0x0 0x2 Video Formats--CCIR-656 The ADV601LC supports a glueless video interface to CCIR-656 devices when the Video Format is programmed to CCIR-656 mode. CCIR-656 requires that 4:2:2 data (8 bits per component) be multiplexed and transmitted over a single 8-bit physical interface. A 27 MHz clock is transmitted along with the data. This clock is synchronous with the data. The color space of CCIR-656 is YCrCb. When in master mode, the CCIR-656 mode does not require any external synchronization or blanking signals to accompany digital video. Instead, CCIR-656 includes special time codes in the stream syntax that define horizontal blanking periods, vertical blanking periods, and field synchronization (horizontal and vertical synchronization information can be derived). These time codes are called End-of-Active-Video (EAV) and Start-ofActive-Video (SAV). Each line of video has one EAV and one SAV time code. EAV and SAV have three bits of embedded information to define HSYNC, VSYNC and Field information as well as error detection and correction bits. VCLK is driven with a 27 MHz, 50% duty cycle clock which is synchronous with the video data. Video data is clocked on the rising edge of the VCLK signal. When decoding, the VCLK signal is typically transmitted along with video data in the CCIR-656 physical interface. Electrically, CCIR-656 specifies differential ECL levels to be used for all interfaces. The ADV601LC, however, only supports unipolar, TTL logic thresholds. Systems designs that interface to strictly conforming CCIR-656 devices (especially when interfacing over long cable distances) must include ECL level shifters and line drivers. The functionality of HSYNC, VSYNC and FIELD Pins is dependent on three programmable modes of the ADV601LC: Master-Slave Control, Encode-Decode Control and 525-625 Control. Table IX summarizes the functionality of these pins in various modes. Table IX. CCIR-656 Master and Slave Modes HSYNC, VSYNC, and FIELD Functionality HSYNC, VSYNC and FIELD Functionality for CCIR-656 Encode Mode (video data is input to the chip) Master Mode (HSYNC, VSYNC and FIELD Are Outputs) Pins are driven to reflect the states of the received time codes: EAV and SAV. This functionality is independent of the state of the 525-625 mode control. An encoder is most likely to be in master mode. Pins are output to the precise timing definitions for CCIR-656 interfaces. The state of the pins reflect the state of the EAV and SAV timing codes that are generated in the output video data. These definitions are different for 525 and 625 line systems. The ADV601LC completely manages the generation and timing of these pins. Slave Mode (HSYNC, VSYNC and FIELD Are Inputs) Undefined--Use Master Mode Decode Mode (video data is output from the chip) Undefined--Use Master Mode -20- REV. 0 ADV601LC Video Formats -- Multiplexed Philips Video The ADV601LC supports a hybrid mode of operation that is a cross between standard dual lane Philips and single lane CCIR656. In this mode, video data is multiplexed in the same fashion in CCIR-656, but the values 0 and 255 are not reserved as signaling values. Instead, external HSYNC and VSYNC pins are used for signaling and video synchronization. VCLK may range up to 29.5 MHz. VCLK is driven with up to a 29.5 MHz 50% duty cycle clock synchronous with the video data. Video data is clocked on the rising edge of the VCLK signal. The functionality of HSYNC, VSYNC, and FIELD pins is dependent on three programmable modes of the ADV601LC: Master-Slave Control, EncodeDecode Control, and 525-625 Control. Table X summarizes the functionality of these pins in various modes. Table X. Philips Multiplexed Video Master and Slave Modes HSYNC, VSYNC, and FIELD Functionality HSYNC, VSYNC and FIELD Functionality for Multiplexed Philips Encode Mode (video data is input to the chip) Master Mode (HSYNC, VSYNC and FIELD Are Outputs) The ADV601LC completely manages the generation and timing of these pins. The device driving the ADV601LC video interface must use these outputs to remain in sync with the ADV601LC. It is expected that this combination of modes would not be used frequently. The ADV601LC completely manages the generation and timing of these pins. Slave Mode (HSYNC, VSYNC and FIELD Are Inputs) These pins are used to control the blanking of video and sequencing. Decode Mode (video data is output from the chip) These pins are used to control the blanking of video and sequencing. Video Formats--References For more information on video interface standards, see the following reference texts. * For the definition of CCIR-601: 1992 - CCIR Recommendations RBT series Broadcasting Service (Television) Rec. 601-3 Encoding Parameters of digital television for studios, page 35, September 15, 1992. * For the definition of CCIR-656: 1992 - CCIR Recommendations RBT series Broadcasting Service (Television) Rec. 656-1 Interfaces for digital component video signals in 525 and 626 line television systems operating at the 4:2:2 level of Rec. 601, page 46, September 15, 1992. Host Interface in the calculation of Bin Widths and re-order wavelet transform data. The use of current field statistics in the Bin Width calculation results in precise control over the compressed bit rate. The DRAM manager manages the entire operation and refresh of the DRAM. The interface between the ADV601LC DRAM manager and DRAM is designed to be transparent to the user. The ADV601LC DRAM pins should be connected to the DRAM as called out in the Pin Function Descriptions section. The ADV601LC requires one 256K word by 16-bit, 60 ns DRAM. The following is a selected list of manufacturers and part numbers. All parts can be used with the ADV601LC at all VCLK rates except where noted. Any DRAM used with the ADV601LC must meet the minimum specifications outlined for the Hyper Mode DRAMs listed in Table XI. For DRAM Interface pins descriptions, see the Pin Function Descriptions. Table XI. ADV601LC Compatible DRAMs Manufacturer Part Number Toshiba NEC NEC TC514265DJ/DZ/DFT-60 PD424210ALE-60 PD42S4210ALE-60 Notes None None CBR Self Refresh feature of this product is not needed by the ADV601LC. None The ADV601LC host interface is a high performance interface that passes all command and real-time compressed video data between the host and codec. A 512 position by 32-bit wide, bidirectional FIFO buffer passes compressed video data to and from the host. The host interface is capable of burst transfer rates of up to 132 million bytes per second (4 x 33 MHz). For host interface pins descriptions, see the Pin Function Descriptions section. For host interface timing information, see the Host Interface Timing section. DRAM Manager The DRAM Manager provides a sorting and reordering function on the sub-band coded data between the Wavelet Kernel and the Programmable Quantizer. The DRAM manager provides a pipeline delay stage to the ADV601LC. This pipeline lets the ADV601LC extract current field image statistics (min/ max pixel values, sum of pixel values, and sum of squares) used Hitachi HM514265CJ-60 REV. 0 -21- ADV601LC Compressed Data-Stream Definition Through its Host Interface the ADV601LC outputs (during encode) and receives (during decode) compressed digital video data. This stream of data passing between the ADV601LC and the host is hierarchically structured and broken up into blocks of data as shown in Figure 11. Table IV shows pseudo code for a video data transfer that matches the transfer order shown in Figure 11 and uses the code names shown in Table XIV. The blocks of data listed in Figure 11 correspond to wavelet compressed sections of each field illustrated in Figure 12 as a modified Mallat diagram. TIME (CONTINUOUS STREAM OF FRAMES) FRAME (N) FRAME (N + 1) FRAME (N + 2) FRAME (N + M) FIELD 1 SEQUENCE FIELD 2 SEQUENCE FIELD SEQUENCE STRUCTURE START OF FIELD 1 OR 2 CODE VERTICAL INTERFACE TIME CODE FIRST BLOCK SEQUENCE COMPLETE BLOCK SEQUENCE FIRST BLOCK SEQUENCE STRUCTURE SUB-BAND TYPE CODE BIN WIDTH QUANTIZER CODE DATA FOR MALLAT BLOCK 6 COMPLETE BLOCK SEQUENCE ORDER SEQUENCE FOR MALLAT BLOCK 9 SEQUENCE FOR MALLAT BLOCK 20 (STREAM OF MALLAT BLOCK SEQUENCES) SEQUENCE FOR MALLAT BLOCK 3 COMPLETE BLOCK (INDIVIDUAL) SEQUENCE STRUCTURE START OF BLOCK CODE BIN WIDTH QUANTIZER CODE DATA FOR MALLAT BLOCK Figure 11. Hierarchical Structure of Wavelet Compressed Frame Data (Data Block Order) -22- REV. 0 ADV601LC Table XII. Pseudo-Code Describing a Sequence of Video Fields Complete Sequence: "Frame N; Field 1" "Frame N; Field 2" "Frame N+1; Field 1" "Frame N+1; Field 2" "Frame N+M; Field 1" "Frame N+M; Field 2" "Required in decode to let the ADV601LC know the sequence of fields is complete." REV. 0 -23- ADV601LC In general, a Frame of data is made up of odd and even Fields as shown in Figure 11. Each Field Sequence is made up of a First Block Sequence and a Complete Block Sequence. The First Block Sequence is separate from the Complete Block Sequence. The Complete Block Sequence contains the remaining 41 Block Sequences (see block numbering in Figure 12). Each Block Sequence contains a start of block delimiter, Bin Width for the block and actual encoder data for the block. A pseudo code bit stream example for one complete field of video is shown in Table XIII. A pseudo code bit stream example for one sequence of fields is shown in Table XIV. An example listing of a field of video in ADV601LC bitstream format appears in Table XVI. Y COMPONENT 39 36 33 30 27 24 15 21 6 18 12 0 9 3 40 34 37 31 25 16 28 22 Cb COMPONENT 7 19 13 1 10 4 41 35 38 32 26 17 29 23 Cr COMPONENT 8 20 14 2 11 5 Figure 12. Block Order of Wavelet Compressed Field Data (Modified Mallat Diagram) -24- REV. 0 ADV601LC Table XIII. Pseudo-Code of Compressed Video Data Bitstream for One Field of Video Block Sequence Data #SOFn For Mallat Block Number . . . n indicates field 1 or 2 Huff_Data indicates Mallat block 6 data A typical Bin Width (BW) factor for this block is 0x1DDC Mallat block 9 data--Typical BW = 0x1DDC Mallat block 20 data--Typical BW = 0x0C2E Mallat block 22 data--Typical BW = 0x03A1 Mallat block 19 data--Typical BW = 0x0C2E Mallat block 23 data--Typical BW = 0x03A1 Mallat block 17 data--Typical BW = 0x0C2E Mallat block 25 data--Typical BW = 0x0306 Mallat block 16 data--Typical BW = 0x0C2E Mallat block 26 data--Typical BW = 0x0306 Mallat block 14 data--Typical BW = 0x0E9D Mallat block 28 data--Typical BW = 0x0306 Mallat block 13 data--Typical BW = 0x0E9D Mallat block 29 data--Typical BW = 0x0306 Mallat block 11 data--Typical BW = 0x2410 Mallat block 31 data--Typical BW = 0x0114 Mallat block 10 data--Typical BW = 0x2410 Mallat block 32 data--Typical BW = 0x0114 Mallat block 8 data--Typical BW = 0x2410 Mallat block 34 data--Typical BW = 0x00E5 Mallat block 7 data--Typical BW = 0x2410 Mallat block 35 data--Typical BW = 0x00E6 Mallat block 5 data--Typical BW = 0x2B46 Mallat block 37 data--Typical BW = 0x00E6 Mallat block 4 data--Typical BW = 0x2B46 Mallat block 38 data--Typical BW = 0x00E6 Mallat block 2 data--Typical BW = 0xC62B Mallat block 40 data--Typical BW = 0x009A Mallat block 1 data--Typical BW = 0xC62B Mallat block 41 data--Typical BW = 0x009A Mallat block 0 data--Typical BW = 0xA417 Mallat block 39 data--Typical BW = 0x007F Mallat block 12 data--Typical BW = 0x0C1A Mallat block 36 data--Typical BW = 0x00BE Mallat block 15 data--Typical BW = 0x0A16 Mallat block 33 data--Typical BW = 0x00BE Mallat block 18 data--Typical BW = 0x0A16 Mallat block 30 data--Typical BW = 0x00E4 Mallat block 21 data--Typical BW = 0x0301 Mallat block 27 data--Typical BW = 0x0281 Mallat block 24 data--Typical BW = 0x0281 Mallat block 3 data--Typical BW = 0x23D5 Table XIV specifies the Mallat block transfer order and associated Start of Block (SOB) codes. Any of these SOB codes can be replaced with an SOB#5 code for a zero data block. Table XIV. Pseudo-Code of Compressed Video Data Bitstream for One Sequence of Video Fields Block Sequence Data #SOF1 For Mallat Block Number /* Mallat block 6 data */ /* Mallat block 6 data */ /* Required in decode to end field sequence*/ ADV601LC Table XV. ADV601LC Field and Block Delimiters (Codes) Code Name #SOF1 Code 0xffffffff40000000 Description (Align all #Delimiter Codes to 32-Bit Boundaries) Start of Field delimiter identifies Field1 data. #SOF1 resets the Huffman decoder and is sufficient on its own to reset the processing of the chip during decode. Please note that this code or #SOF2 are the only delimiters necessary between adjacent fields. #SOF1 operates identically to #SOF2 except that during decode it can be used to differentiate between Field1 and Field2 in the generation of the Field signal (master mode) and/or SAV/EAV codes for CCIR-656 modes. Start of Field delimiter identifies Field2 data. #SOF resets the Huffman decoder and is sufficient on its own to reset the processing of the chip during decode. Please note that this code or #SOF1 are the only delimiters necessary between adjacent fields. #SOF2 operates identically to #SOF1 except that during decode it can be used to differentiate between Field2 and Field1 in the generation of the Field signal (master mode) and/or SAV/EAV codes for CCIR-656 modes. This is a 12-byte string of data extracted by the video interface during encode operations and inserted by the video interface into the video data during decode operations. The data content is 90 bits in length. For a complete description of VITC format, see pages 175-178 of Video Demystified: A Handbook For The Digital Engineer (listed in References section). This is an 8-bit delimiter-less type code for the first sub-band block of wavelet data. (Model 1 Chroma) This is an 8-bit delimiter-less type code for the first sub-band block of wavelet data. (Model 1 Luma) This is an 8-bit delimiter-less type code for the first sub-band block of wavelet data. (Model 2 Chroma) This is an 8-bit delimiter-less type code for the first sub-band block of wavelet data. (Model 2 Luma) Start of Block delimiter identifies the start of Huffman coded sub-band data. This delimiter will reset the Huffman decoder if a system ever experiences bit errors or gets out of sync. The order of blocks in the frame is fixed and therefore implied in the bit stream and no unique #SOB delimiters are needed per block. There are 41 #SOB delimiters and associated BW and Huffman data within a field. #SOB1 is differentiated from #SOB2, #SOB3 and #SOB4 in that they indicate which model and Huffman table was used in the Run Length Coder for the particular block: #SOB1 Model 1 Chroma #SOB2 Model 1 Luma #SOB3 Model 2 Chroma #SOB4 Model 2 Luma #SOB5 Zero data block. All data after this delimiter and before the next start of block delimiter is ignored (if present at all) and assumed zero including the BW value. #SOF2 0xffffffff41000000 (96 bits) 0x81 0x82 0x83 0x84 0xffffffff81 0xffffffff82 0xffffffff83 0xffffffff84 0xffffffff8f -26- REV. 0 ADV601LC Table XVI. ADV601LC Field and Block Delimiters (Codes) Code Name Code (16 bits, 8.8) Description (Align all #Delimiter Codes to 32-Bit Boundaries) (Continued) This data code is not entropy coded, is always 16 bits in length and defines the Bin Width Quantizer control used on all data in the block sub-band. During decode, this value is used by the Quantizer. If this value is set to zero during decode, all Huffman data is presumed to be zero and is ignored, but must be included. During encode, this value is calculated by the external Host and is inserted into the bit stream by the ADV601LC (this value is not used by the quantizer). Another value calculated by the Host, 1/BW is actually used by the Quantizer during encode. This data is the quantized and entropy coded block sub-band data. The data's length is dependent on block size and entropy coding so it is therefore variable in length. This field is filled with 1s making it Modulo 32 bits in length. Any Huffman decode process can be interrupted and reset by any unexpectedly received # delimiter following a bit error or synchronization problem. The host sends the #EOS (End of Sequence) to the ADV601LC during decode after the last field in a sequence to indicate that the field sequence is complete. The ADV601LC does not append this code to the end of encoded field sequences; it must be added by the host. #EOS 0xffffffffc0ffffff Table XVII. Video Data Bitstream for One Field In a Video Sequence 1 ffff 8400 ffff 609f 8300 ffff 6894 811d ffff 6894 8116 5d75 f1f8 0f87 6b5a fbfb fdff fe62 7431 57ed eb17 dff5 ef97 f87e ffff e9e9 b76e ef7b df69 c8fa ffff c9a7 8213 ffff ffff 00ff ffff ffff 00fe ffff 3fff 40f0 ffff 3fff 80f0 d75a fc7e c3e1 d6b5 fbfb 7fdf a2ff e9f4 fd7f eff3 7eef 58bf ffaf ffff e9e9 ddb7 def7 a647 7b77 ffff 1fff 80ff ffff 4000 df0c 8300 ffff c70f 8300 ffff 90ff 8300 ffff 9fff f8f9 3f1f f0f8 a2b0 fbfb f7fd ffff fbff bbe3 fc3f d9fb 7f9f f77e 8400 e9e9 fbbe bdef d3db da69 8400 ffff 7703 8200 0000 daff 00ff ffff ffff 00ff ffff ffff 00ff ffff ffff 74eb 8fc7 fd9f d249 fbfb feff ffff 77eb d2d3 7fd5 be5d e1fb cfab 00ff e9e9 df9f 75f4 bed3 647c 00ff ffff 5fff 00ff 0000 ffff 609f 8300 ffff 609f 811d ffff 68aa 8116 ffff d7af e5fa 1f1f 24a5 fcfd 3fbb 8103 fd3f dfe7 fbbf 62fd feaf e5d6 dfb7 e9e9 af6d f7f4 4c8f fd7b c9a7 820f ffff 7745 0000 ffff ffff 00fe ffff ffff 40f0 ffff bfff 80f0 ffff 5ebd ff6f 2f2f ce36 bdfe effb e6fd b3ec f87e 67ee fe7f ddfb 2fe9 c5ff e9e9 b6db dee9 a7b7 6100 1fff 00ff ffff efff 0000 8300 ffff c70f 8300 ffff 90ff 8300 ffff 9fff 8300 7af5 d5f6 2f2f db6d dfb7 feff bfab f2d5 5f57 f975 87ef 3f77 f3fc df0d e9e9 6db6 2492 7da6 0000 ffff 7704 8200 ffff 0000 00ff ffff ffff 00ff ffff ffff 00ff ffff ffff 00ff ebf0 7d9f 2f2f b6db edfb bfef f9bf efeb eefd 8bf7 fabf cbac 7f7f 7fff dbef db6d 4924 991f 0045 ffff bfff 00ff ffff 0000 609f 8300 ffff 609f 8300 ffff 68aa 8116 ffff fe62 f8f8 67d9 2f2f 6db7 7eef fbfe 57d5 f6fe 9fbb f9fe 77ec 5fbf d9f5 ffff fbbe b6db 924c 4f7e bdfd 820f ffff 7743 8400 0000 ffff 00fe ffff ffff 00fe ffff bfff 80f0 ffff a2ff f979 f67d 2f1f c6fd bbee ffbf f2eb 1fbb e5d6 1fbf fddf cff0 7edf ffff 9efe 6db6 fa7b fb4d 37bb 00ff ffff 1fff 00ff 8400 ffff c5af 8300 ffff c78f 8300 ffff 9bff 8300 ffff 7979 9f67 2ebd fd3d fbbe efff 18f4 f67e 2fdf eafd 2eb1 fdff abc7 8202 9dbb db6d 77da 323e 8888 7704 8400 ffff df0c 00ff ffff ffff 00ff ffff ffff 00ff ffff ffff 00ff ffff 7979 d9f6 7af5 3d3d dfbb ffff f9fd afdb e7f8 dfb3 7eff 57ee 431e 9afc 76ed aff6 6991 9edd 8888 4fff 00ff ffff daff df0d 8300 ffff 609f 8300 ffff 6894 8116 ffff 6894 8103 7979 7edf ebd7 3d3d dbe7 ffff ffb7 f0f3 7eff f77c 3fc3 fd9f 9f4f 3eff dbb7 fd3d f4f7 f69a 8888 ffff c9a7 8200 8eff 00fe ffff ffff 00fe ffff 3fff 80f0 ffff 3fff e6e9 79fd abec ae9d 3d3d f6fd ffff f5ff aaed abf7 bac5 f7fd bbe5 c7f8 b7e9 6edd bbed efb4 647d 8888 ffff 1fff 00ff ffff c5af 8300 ffff c78f 8300 ffff 9bff 8300 ffff d74d 5f5f f87c 74e9 3d3b ff7f 8300 3feb edf7 7ecf fbfc 5fbb d62f 7fff ede9 bb76 7bde d323 3dbb 8aff 8400 ffff 7743 ffff ffff 00ff ffff ffff 00ff ffff ffff 00ff ffff 75d7 c7e3 3e1f a56d 7a7b dff7 00ff fafc fe3f ddf2 ff0f f67e dfe7 ffff e9e9 eddb f7bd e9ed ed34 ffff 00ff ffff 1fff NOTE 1 This table shows ADV601LC compressed data for one field in a color ramp video sequence. The SOF# and SOB# codes in the data are in bold text. Bit Error Tolerance Bit error tolerance is ensured because a bit error within a Huffman coded stream does not cause #delimiter symbols to be misread by the ADV601LC in decode mode. The worst error REV. 0 that can occur is loss of a complete block of Huffman data. With the ADV601LC, this type of error results only in some blurring of the decoded image, not complete loss of the image. -27- ADV601LC APPLYING THE ADV601LC Using the ADV601LC in Computer Applications This section includes the following topics: Using the ADV601LC in computer applications Using the ADV601LC in standalone applications Configuring the host interface for 6- or 32-bit data paths Connecting the video interface to popular video encoders and decoders * Getting the most out of the ADV601LC * * * * The following Analog Devices products should be considered in ADV601LC designs: * ADV7175/ADV7176--Digital YUV to analog composite video encoder * AD722--Analog RGB to analog composite video encoder * AD1843--Audio codec with embedded video synchronization * ADSP-21xx--Family of fixed-point digital signal processors * AD8xxx--Family of video operational amplifiers Many key features of the ADV601LC were driven by the demanding cost and performance requirements of computer applications. The following ADV601LC features provide key advantages in computer applications: * Host Interface The 512 double word FIFO provides necessary buffering of compressed digital video to deal with PCI bus latency. * Low Cost External DRAM Unlike many other real-time compression solutions, the ADV601LC does not require expensive external SRAM transform buffers or VRAM frame stores. A2 A3 D0-D7 D8-D15 D16-D23 D24-D31 ADR0 ADR1 DQ0-DQ7 DQ8-DQ15 DQ16-DQ23 DQ24-DQ31 BE0-BE1 A0-A8 D0-D15 RAS CAS A0-A8 DQ1-DQ16 RAS CAS OE DRAM (256K 16-BIT) WE WEL WEH TOSHIBA TC514265DJ/DZ/DFT-60 NEC PD424210ALE-60 NEC PD42S4210ALE-60 HITACHI HM514265CJ-60 ANY DRAM USED WITH THE ADV601LC MUST MEET THE MINIMUM SPECIFICATIONS OUTLINED FOR THE HYPER MODE DRAMS LISTED HOST BUS DECODE1 A28 A29 A30 A31 RD WR DECODE2 BE2-BE3 ADV601LC CS RD WR STATS_R VCLKO 24.576MHz XTAL XTAL NOTE: DECODE1 ASSERTS CS~ ON THE ADV601LC FOR HOST ADDRESSES 0X4000,0000 THROUGH 0X4000,0013 DECODE2 IS HOST SPECIFIC HIRQ LCODE ACK FIFO_SRQ FIFO_ERR FIFO_STP 27MHz PAL OR NTSC VCLK LLC SAA7111 VDATA [0-7] Y[0-7] COMPOSITE VIDEO INPUT Figure 13. A Suggested PC Application Design -28- REV. 0 ADV601LC ADR1 ADR2 DATA0-7 DATA8-15 ADR0 ADR1 DQ0-DQ7 DQ8-DQ15 DQ16-DQ23 DQ24-DQ31 BE0-BE1 BE2-BE3 A0-A8 D0-D15 RAS CAS A0-A8 DQ1-DQ16 RAS CAS OE WE WEL WEH TOSHIBA TC514265DJ/DZ/DFT-60 NEC PD424210ALE-60 NEC PD42S4210ALE-60 HITACHI HM514265CJ-60 ANY DRAM USED WITH THE ADV601LC MUST MEET THE MINIMUM SPECIFICATIONS OUTLINED FOR THE HYPER MODE DRAMS LISTED 24.576MHz XTAL XTAL 27MHz PAL OR NTSC VCLK VDATA [0-7] LLC DRAM (256K 16-BIT) ADR0 ADSP-21csp01 ADV601LC CLKIN IOMS RD WR FLIN2 FLIN0 IRQ0 FLIN1 IOACK THE ADSP-21csp01 INTERNAL CLOCK RATE DOUBLE THE INPUT CLOCK *THE INPUT CLOCK RATE = 1/2 OF THE INTERNAL CLOCK RATE, RANGING FROM 12 TO 21MHz VCLKO* CS RD WR FIFO_ERR STATS_R HIRQ LCODE ACK SAA7111 FIFO_SRQ FIFO_STP COMPOSITE VIDEO INPUT Y[0-7] Figure 14. Alternate Standalone Application Design XTAL 10k BLANK XTAL VCLK VCLKO Using the ADV601LC In Standalone Applications Figure 14 shows the ADV601LC in a noncomputer based applications. Here, an ADSP-21csp01 digital signal processor provides Host control and BW calculation services. Note that all control and BW operations occur over the host interface in this design. Connecting the ADV601LC to Popular Video Decoders and Encoders ADV7175 CLOCK P7-P0 ALSB 150 (MODE 0 & SLAVE MODE) ADV601LC VDATA (7:0) (CCIR-656 MODE) The following circuits are recommendations only. Analog Devices has not actually built or tested these circuits. Using the Philips SAA7111 Video Decoder Figure 16. ADV601LC and ADV7175 Example Interfacing Block Diagram Using the Raytheon TMC22173 Video Decoder The SAA7111 example circuit, which appears in Figure 15, is used in this configuration on the ADV601LC Video Lab demonstration board. XTAL XTAL LLC VCLK Raytheon has a whole family of video parts. Any member of the family can be used. The user must select the part needed based on the requirements of the application. Because the Raytheon part does not include the A/Ds, an external A/D is necessary in this design (or a pair of A/Ds for S video). The part can be used in CCIR-656 (D1) mode for a zero control signal interface. Special attention must be paid to the video output modes in order to get the right data to the right pins (see the following diagram). Note that the circuit in Figure 17 has not been built or tested. VCLK SAA7111 Y(0:7) ADV601LC VDATA (0:7) (CCIR-656 MODE) Figure 15. ADV601LC and SAA7111 Example Interfacing Block Diagram Using the Analog Devices ADV7175 Video Encoder XTAL CLOCK VCLK TMC22153 ADV601LC Y(2:9) VDATA (0:7) (CCIR656 & SLAVE MODE) Because the ADV7175 has a CCIR-656 interface, it connects directly with the ADV601LC without "glue" logic. Note that the ADV7175 can only be used at CCIR-601 sampling rates. The ADV7175 example circuit, which appears in Figure 16, is used in this configuration on the ADV601LC Video Lab demonstration board. MODE SET TO: CDEC = 1 YUVT = 1 F422 = X Figure 17. ADV601LC and TMC22153 Example CCIR-656 Mode Interface REV. 0 -29- ADV601LC GETTING THE MOST OUT OF ADV601LC The unique sub-band block structure of luminance and color components in the ADV601LC offers many unique application benefits. Analog Devices will offer a Feature Software Library as well as separate feature application documentation to help users exploit these features. The following section provides an overview of only some of the features and how they are achieved with the ADV601LC. Please refer to Figures 2 and 3 as necessary. Higher Compression With Interfield Techniques The ADV601LC normally operates as a field-independent codec. However, through use of the sub-bands it is possible to use the ADV601LC with interfield techniques to achieve even higher levels of compression. In such applications, each field is not compressed separately, thus accessing the compressed bit stream can only be done at specific points in time. There are two general ways this can be accomplished: * Subsampling high frequency blocks The human visual system is more sensitive to interframe motion of low frequency block than to motion in high frequency blocks. The host software driver of the ADV601LC allows exploitation of this option to achieve higher compression. Note that the compressed bit stream can only be accessed at points where the high frequency blocks have just been updated. * Updating the image with motion detection In applications where the video is likely to have no motion for extended periods of time (video surveillance in a vacant building, for instance), it is only necessary to update the image either periodically or when motion occurs. By using the wavelet sub-bands to detect motion (see later in this section), it is possible to achieve very high levels of compression when motion is infrequent. Scalable Compression Technology * Scale bit stream The compressed video bit stream was created with simple parsing in mind. This type of parsing means that a lower resolution/lower bandwidth bit stream can be extracted with little computational burden. Generally, this effect is accomplished by selecting a subset of lower frequency blocks. This technique is useful in applications where the same video source material must be sent over a range of different communication pipes {i.e., ISDN (128 Kbps), T1 (1.5 Mbps) or T3 (45 Mbps)}. * Use software to encode In this case, a host CPU could encode a smaller image size and fill in high frequency blocks with zeros. Again, image quality would depend on the performance of the host. The Bin Width may be set to zero, zeroing out the data in any particular Mallat block. Parametric Image Filtering The ADV601LC offers a unique set of image filtering capabilities not found in other compression technologies. The ADV601LC quantizer is capable of attenuating any or all of the luminance or chrominance blocks during encode or decode. Here are some of the possible applications: * Parametric softening of color saturation and contrast during encode or decode Trade off image softness for higher compression. Attenuation of the higher frequency blocks during encode leads to softer images, but it can lead to much higher compression performance. * Color saturation control This effect is achieved by controlling gain of low pass chrominance blocks during encode or decode. * Contrast control This effect is achieved by controlling the gain of the low frequency luminance blocks during encode or decode. * Fade to black This effect achieved by attenuation of luminance blocks. Mixing of Two or More Images The ADV601LC offers many different options for scaling the image, the compressed bit stream bandwidth and the processing horsepower for encode or decode. Because the ADV601LC employs decimators, interpolators and filters in the filter bank, the scaling function creates much higher quality images than achieved through pixel dropping. Mixing and matching the many scaling options is useful in network applications where transmission pipes may vary in available bit rate, and decode/ encode capabilities may be a mix of software and hardware. These are the key options: * Extract scaled images by factors of 2 from the compressed bit stream This is useful in video editing applications where thumbnail sketches of fields need to be displayed. In this case, editing software can quickly extract and decode the desired image. This technique eliminates the burden of decoding an entire image and then scaling to the desired size. * Use software to decode bit stream Decoding an entire CCIR-601 resolution image in real time at 50/60 fields per second does require the ADV601LC hardware. Analog Devices provides a bit-exact ADV601LC simulator that can decode a scaled image in real time or a fullsize image off-line. Image size and frame rates depend on the performance of the host processor. Blocks from different images can be mixed into the bit stream and then sent to the ADV601LC during decode. The result is high quality mixing of different images. This also provides the capability to fade from one image to the next. Edge or Motion Detection In certain remote video surveillance and machine vision applications, it is desirable to detect edges or motion. Edges can be quickly found through evaluation of the high frequency blocks. Motion searches can be achieved in two ways: * Evaluation of the smallest luminance block. Because the size of the smallest block is so mcuh smaller than the others, the computational burden is significantly less than doing an evaluation over the entire image. * Polling the Sum of Squares registers. Because large changes in the video data create patterns, it is possible to detect motion in the video by polling the Sum of Squares registers, looking for patterns and changes. -30- REV. 0 SPECIFICATIONS The ADV601LC Video Codec uses a Bi-Orthogonal (7, 9) Wavelet Transform. RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS ADV601LC Parameter VDD TAMB Description Supply Voltage Ambient Operating Temperature Min 4.50 0 Max 5.50 +70 Unit V C ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Parameter VIH VIL VOH VOL IIH IIL IOZH IOZL CI CO Description Hi-Level Input Voltage Lo-Level Input Voltage Hi-level Output Voltage Lo-Level Output Voltage Hi-Level Input Current Lo-Level Input Current Three-State Leakage Current Three-State Leakage Current Input Pin Capacitance Output Pin Capacitance Test Conditions @ VDD = max @ VDD = min @ VDD = min, IOH = -0.5 mA @ VDD = min, IOL = 2 mA @ VDD = max, VIN = VDD max @ VDD = max, VIN = 0 V @ VDD = max, VIN = VDD max @ VDD = max, VIN = 0 V @ VIN = 2.5 V, fIN = 1.0 MHz, TAMB = 25C @ VIN = 2.5 V, fIN = 1.0 MHz, TAMB = 25C Min 2.0 N/A 2.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Max N/A 0.8 N/A 0.4 10 10 10 10 8* 8* Unit V V V V A A A A pF pF *Guaranteed but not tested. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Parameter VDD VIN VOUT TAMB TS TL Description Supply Voltage Input Voltage Output Voltage Ambient Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Lead Temperature (5 sec) LQFP Min -0.3 N/A N/A 0 -65 N/A Max +7 VDD 0.3 VDD 0.3 +70 +150 +280 Unit V V V C C C *Stresses greater than those listed above under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the Pin Definitions section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. SUPPLY CURRENT AND POWER Parameter IDD IDD IDD Description Supply Current (Dynamic) Supply Current (Soft Reset) Supply Current (Idle) Test Conditions @ VDD = max, tVCLK_CYC = 37 ns (at 27 MHz VCLK) @ VDD = max, tVCLK_CYC = 37 ns (at 27 MHz VCLK) @ VDD = max, tVCLK_CYC = None Min 0.11 0.08 0.01 Max 0.27 0.17 0.02 Unit A A A ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS Parameter CA JA JC Description Case-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance Max 30 35 5 Unit C/W C/W C/W CAUTION The ADV601LC is an ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges readily accumulate on the human body and equipment and can discharge without detection. Permanent damage may occur to devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Proper ESD precautions are strongly recommended to avoid functional damage or performance degradation. The ADV601LC latchup immunity has been demonstrated at 100 mA/-100 mA on all pins when tested to industry standard/JEDEC methods. WARNING! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE REV. 0 -31- ADV601LC TEST CONDITIONS Figure 18 shows test condition voltage reference and device loading information. These test conditions consider an output as disabled when the output stops driving and goes from the measured high or low voltage to a high impedance state. Tests measure output disable time (tDISABLE) as the time between the reference input signal crossing +1.5 V and the time that the INPUT & OUTPUT VOLTAGE/TIMING REFERENCES VIH 1.5V output reaches the high impedance state (also +1.5 V). Similarly, these tests conditions consider an output as enabled when the output leaves the high impedance state and begins driving a measured high or low voltage. Tests measure output enable time (tENABLE) as the time between the reference input signal crossing +1.5 V and the time that the output reaches the measured high or low voltage. DEVICE LOADING FOR AC MEASUREMENTS IOL INPUT REFERENCE SIGNAL VIL t DISABLED VOH OUTPUT SIGNAL VOL 1.5V t ENABLED TO OUTPUT PIN 2pF +1.5V IOH Figure 18. Test Condition Voltage Reference and Device Loading TIMING PARAMETERS This section contains signal timing information for the ADV601LC. Timing descriptions for the following items appear in this section: * Clock signal timing * Video data transfer timing (CCIR-656, and Multiplexed Philips formats) * Host data transfer timing (direct register read/write access) Clock Signal Timing The diagram in this section shows timing for VCLK input and VCLKO output. All output values assume a maximum pin loading of 50 pF. Table XVIII. Video Clock Period, Frequency, Drift and Jitter Video Format CCIR-601 PAL CCIR-601 NTSC Min VCLK_CYC Period 35.2 ns 35.2 ns Nominal VCLK_CYC Period (Frequency) 37 ns (27 MHz) 37 ns (27 MHz) Max VCLK_CYC Period1, 2 38.9 ns 38.9 ns NOTES 1 VCLK Period Drift = 0.1 (VCLK_CYC/field. 2 VCLK edge-to-edge jitter = 1 ns. Table XIX. Video Clock Duty Cycle Min VCLK Duty Cycle 1 Nominal (50%) Max (60%) (40%) NOTE 1 VCLK Duty Cycle = t VCLK_HI/(tVCLK_LO) x 100. Table XX. Video Clock Timing Parameters Parameter tVCLK_CYC tVCLKO_D0 tVCLKO_D1 Description VCLK Signal, Cycle Time (1/Frequency) at 27 MHz VCLKO Signal, Delay (when VCLK2 = 0) at 27 MHz VCLKO Signal, Delay (when VCLK2 = 1) at 27 MHz Min Max Unit ns ns (See Video Clock Period Table) 10 29 10 29 -32- REV. 0 ADV601LC tVCLK_CYC (I) VCLK (O) VCLKO (VCLK2 = 0) tVCLKO_D0 (I) VCLKO (VCLK2 = 1) tVCLKO_D1 NOTE: USE VCLK FOR CLOCKING VIDEO-ENCODE OPERATIONS AND USE VCLKO FOR CLOCKING VIDEO-DECODE OPERATIONS. DO NOT TRY TO USE EITHER CLOCK FOR BOTH ENCODE AND DECODE. Figure 19. Video Clock Timing CCIR-656 Video Format Timing The diagrams in this section show transfer timing for pixel (YCrCb), line (horizontal), and frame (vertical) data in CCIR-656 video mode. All output values assume a maximum pin loading of 50 pF. Note that in timing diagrams for CCIR-656 video, the label CTRL indicates the VSYNC, HSYNC, and FIELD pins. Table XXI. CCIR-656 Video--Decode Pixel (YCrCb) Timing Parameters Parameter tVDATA_DC_D tVDATA_DC_OH tCTRL_DC_D tCTRL_DC_OH (O) VCLKO Description VDATA Signals, Decode CCIR-656 Mode, Delay VDATA Signals, Decode CCIR-656 Mode, Output Hold CTRL Signals, Decode CCIR-656 Mode, Delay CTRL Signals, Decode CCIR-656 Mode, Output Hold Min N/A 4 N/A 5 Max 14 N/A 11 N/A Units ns ns ns ns (O) VDATA VALID VALID VALID t VDATA_DC_OH t VDATA_DC_D (O) CTRL VALID VALID VALID t CTRL_DC_OH t CTRL_DC_D Figure 20. CCIR-656 Video--Decode Pixel (YCrCb) Transfer Timing Table XXII. CCIR-656 Video--Encode Pixel (YCrCb) Timing Parameters Parameter tVDATA_EC_S tVDATA_EC_H tCTRL_EC_D tCTRL_EC_OH (I) VCLK Description VDATA Bus, Encode CCIR-656 Mode, Setup VDATA Bus, Encode CCIR-656 Mode, Hold CTRL Signals, Encode CCIR-656 Mode, Delay CTRL Signals, Encode CCIR-656 Mode, Output Hold Min 2 5 N/A 20 Max N/A N/A 33 N/A Units ns ns ns ns (I) VDATA VALID VALID t VDATA_EC_S (O) CTRL ASSERTED ASSERTED t VDATA_EC_H t CTRL_EC_OH t CTRL_EC_D Figure 21. CCIR-656 Video--Encode Pixel (YCrCb) Transfer Timing REV. 0 -33- ENCODE CCIR-656 -- LINE (HORIZONTAL) TRANSFER TIMING (FOR DECODE VDATA IS SYNCHRONOUS TO VCLKO) SAMPLE 0 ADV601LC (I) VCLK PAL CCIR-601 PIXEL, N = 720 t VDATA_EC_S FF EAV SAV XX FF XX Cb 0 Y 0 Cr 0 Y 1 Cb 2 t VDATA_EC_H Y 2 (I) VDATA Cb N-2 Y N-1 Y N-2 Cr N-2 NTSC CCIR-601 PIXEL, N = 720 (O) HSYNC (O) VCLKO (VCLK2 = 0) (O) VCLKO (VCLK2 = 1) ENCODE / DECODE & MASTER CCIR-656 -- 625 (PAL) FRAME (VERTICAL) TRANSFER TIMING 624 309 625 1 2 3 4 5 6 21 310 311 312 313 22 23 24 314 315 316 317 318 319 334 335 336 337 625 (PAL) LINE # 621 622 623 (O) HSYNC Figure 22. CCIR-656 Video--Line (Horizontal) and Frame (Vertical) Transfer Timing Note that for CCIR-656 Video--Decode and Master Line (Horizontal) timing, VDATA is synchronous with VCLKO. ENCODE / DECODE CCIR-656 -- 525 (NTSC) FRAME (VERTICAL) TRANSFER TIMING 2 20 21 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 22 23 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 282 283 284 335 336 337 338 -34- (O) VSYNC (O) FIELD (O) STATS_R (ENCODE) (NOTE: STATS_R IS ALWAYS LO FOR 45 CYCLES BEFORE GOING HI AGAIN. STATS_R IS LO COMING OUT OF SOFT RESET AND GOES HIGH RIGHT AFTER THE ADV601LC FINISHES TAKING IN THE VERY FIRST FIELD.) 525 (NTSC) LINE # 524 525 1 (O) HSYNC (O) VSYNC (O) FIELD (O) STATS_R (ENCODE) (NOTE: STATS_R IS ALWAYS LO FOR 45 CYCLES BEFORE GOING HI AGAIN. STATS_R IS LO COMING OUT OF SOFT RESET AND GOES HIGH RIGHT AFTER THE ADV601LC FINISHES TAKING IN THE VERY FIRST FIELD.) REV. 0 ADV601LC Multiplexed Philips Video Timing The diagrams in this section show transfer timing for pixel (YCrCb) data in Multiplexed Philips video mode. For line (horizontal) and frame (vertical) data transfer timing, see Figure 25. All output values assume a maximum pin loading of 50 pF. Note that in timing diagrams for Multiplexed Philips video, the label CTRL indicates the VSYNC, HSYNC and FIELD pins. Table XXIII. Multiplexed Philips Video--Decode and Master Pixel (YCrCb) Timing Parameters Parameter tVDATA_DMM_D tVDATA_DMM_OH tCTRL_DMM_D tCTRL_DMM_OH (O) VCLKO Description VDATA Bus, Decode Master Multiplexed Philips, Delay VDATA Bus, Decode Master Multiplexed Philips, Output Hold CTRL Signals, Decode Master Multiplexed Philips, Delay CTRL Signals, Decode Master Multiplexed Philips, Output Hold Min N/A 4 N/A 5 Max 14 N/A 11 N/A Unit ns ns ns ns (O) VDATA VALID VALID VALID t VDATA_DMM_OH t VDATA_DMM_D (O) CTRL VALID VALID VALID t CTRL_DMM_OH t CTRL_DMM_D Figure 23. Multiplexed Philips Video--Decode and Master Pixel (YCrCb) Transfer Timing Table XXIV. Multiplexed Philips Video--Decode and Slave Pixel (YCrCb) Timing Parameters Parameter tVDATA_DSM_D tVDATA_DSM_OH tCTRL_DSM_S tCTRL_DSM_H (O) VCLKO Description VDATA Bus, Decode Slave Multiplexed Philips, Delay VDATA Bus, Decode Slave Multiplexed Philips, Output Hold CTRL Signals, Decode Slave Multiplexed Philips, Setup CTRL Signals, Decode Slave Multiplexed Philips, Hold Min N/A 4 16 42 Max 14 N/A N/A N/A Unit ns ns ns ns (O) VDATA VALID VALID t VDATA_DSM_OH t VDATA_DSM_D (I) CTRL VALID VALID t CTRL_DSM_S t CTRL_DSM_H Figure 24. Multiplexed Philips Video--Decode and Slave Pixel (YCrCb) Transfer Timing REV. 0 -35- ENCODE MASTER MULTIPLEXED PHILIPS -- LINE (HORIZONTAL) TRANSFER TIMING (FOR DECODE VDATA IS SYNCHRONOUS TO VCLKO) SAMPLE 0 ADV601LC (I) VCLK PAL CCIR-601 PIXEL, N = 720 t VDATA_EC_S Cb 0 Y 0 Y 1 Cr 0 Cb 2 t VDATA_EC_H Y 2 (I) VDATA Cb N-2 Y N-2 Cr N-2 Y N-1 NTSC CCIR-601 PIXEL, N = 720 (O) HSYNC (O) VCLKO (VCLK2 = 0) (O) VCLKO (VCLK2 = 1) ENCODE / DECODE & MASTER MULTIPLEXED PHILIPS -- 625 (PAL) FRAME (VERTICAL) TRANSFER TIMING 624 625 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 310 311 312 313 8 23 309 24 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 335 336 625 (PAL) LINE # 621 622 623 HSYNC Figure 25. Multiplexed Philips Video-Line (Horizontal) and Frame (Vertical) Transfer Timing -36- 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 21 22 23 24 262 263 264 265 (NOTE: ADV601LC GETS HSYNCH FROM PHILIPS HREF) VSYNC (O) FIELD STATS_R (ENCODE) (NOTE: STATS_R IS ALWAYS LO FOR 45 CYCLES BEFORE GOING HI AGAIN. STATS_R IS LO COMING OUT OF SOFT RESET AND GOES HIGH RIGHT AFTER THE ADV601LC FINISHES TAKING IN THE VERY FIRST FIELD.) ENCODE / DECODE & MASTER MULTIPLEXED PHILIPS -- 525 (NTSC) FRAME (VERTICAL) TRANSFER TIMING 266 267 268 282 283 284 335 336 337 338 525 (NTSC) LINE # 524 525 1 HSYNC (NOTE: ADV601LC IN SLAVE MODE GETS HSYNCH FROM PHILIPS HREF) VSYNC (O) FIELD STATS_R (ENCODE) (NOTE: STATS_R IS ALWAYS LO FOR 45 CYCLES BEFORE GOING HI AGAIN. STATS_R IS LO COMING OUT OF SOFT RESET AND GOES HIGH RIGHT AFTER THE ADV601LC FINISHES TAKING IN THE VERY FIRST FIELD.) REV. 0 ADV601LC Table XXV. Multiplexed Philips Video--Encode and Master Pixel (YCrCb) Timing Parameters Parameter tVDATA_EMM_S tVDATA_EMM_H tCTRL_EMM_D tCTRL_EMM_OH (I) VCLK Description VDATA Bus, Encode Master Multiplexed Philips, Setup VDATA Bus, Encode Master Multiplexed Philips, Hold CTRL Signals, Encode Master Multiplexed Philips, Delay CTRL Signals, Encode Master Multiplexed Philips, Output Hold Min 2 5 N/A 20 Max N/A N/A 33 N/A Unit ns ns ns ns (I) VDATA VALID VALID t VDATA_EMM_S (O) CTRL ASSERTED ASSERTED t VDATA_EMM_H t CTRL_EMM_OH t CTRL_EMM_D Figure 26. Multiplexed Philips Video--Encode and Master Pixel (YCrCb) Transfer Timing Table XXVI. Multiplexed Philips Video--Encode and Slave Pixel (YCrCb) Timing Parameters Parameter tVDATA_ESM_S tVDATA_ESM_H tCTRL_ESM_S tCTRL_ESM_H (I) VCLK Description VDATA Bus, Encode Slave Multiplexed Philips Mode, Setup VDATA Bus, Encode Slave Multiplexed Philips Mode, Hold CTRL Signals, Encode Slave Multiplexed Philips Mode, Setup CTRL Signals, Encode Slave Multiplexed Philips Mode, Hold Min 2 5 5 5 Max N/A N/A N/A N/A Unit ns ns ns ns (I) VDATA VALID VALID t VDATA_ESM_S (I) CTRL ASSERTED ASSERTED t VDATA_ESM_H t CTRL_ESM_S t CTRL_ESM_H Figure 27. Multiplexed Philips Video--Encode and Slave Pixel (YCrCb) Transfer Timing REV. 0 -37- ADV601LC Host Interface (Indirect Address, Indirect Register Data, and Interrupt Mask/Status) Register Timing The diagrams in this section show transfer timing for host read and write accesses to all of the ADV601LC's direct registers, except the Compressed Data register. Accesses to the Indirect Address, Indirect Register Data, and Interrupt Mask/Status registers are slower than access timing for the Compressed Data register. For information on access timing for the Compressed Data direct register, see the Host Interface (Compressed Data) Register Timing section. Note that for accesses to the Indirect Address, Indirect Register Data and Interrupt Mask/Status registers, your system MUST observe ACK and RD or WR assertion timing. Table XXVII. Host (Indirect Address, Indirect Data, and Interrupt Mask/Status) Read Timing Parameters Parameter tRD_D_RDC tRD_D_PWA tRD_D_PWD tADR_D_RDS tADR_D_RDH tDATA_D_RDD tDATA_D_RDOH tRD_D_WRT tACK_D_RDD tACK_D_RDOH Description RD Signal, Direct Register, Read Cycle Time (at 27 MHz VCLK) RD Signal, Direct Register, Pulsewidth Asserted (at 27 MHz VCLK) RD Signal, Direct Register, Pulsewidth Deasserted (at 27 MHz VCLK) ADR Bus, Direct Register, Read Setup ADR Bus, Direct Register, Read Hold DATA Bus, Direct Register, Read Delay DATA Bus, Direct Register, Read Output Hold (at 27 MHz VCLK) WR Signal, Direct Register, Read-to-Write Turnaround (at 27 MHz VCLK) ACK Signal, Direct Register, Read Delayed (at 27 MHz VCLK) ACK Signal, Direct Register, Read Output Hold (at 27 MHz VCLK) Min N/A N/A1 5 2 2 N/A 26 48.74 8.6 11 1 Max N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 171.62, 3 N/A N/A 287.15, 6 N/A Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns NOTES 1 RD input must be asserted (low) until ACK is asserted (low). 2 Maximum tDATA_D_RDD varies with VCLK according to the formula: t DATA_D_RDD (MAX) = 4 (VCLK Period) +16. 3 During STATS_R deasserted (low) conditions, t DATA_D_RDD may be as long as 52 VCLK periods. 4 Minimum tRD_D_WRT varies with VCLK according to the formula: t RD_D_WRT (MIN) = 1.5 (VCLK Period) -4.1. 5 Maximum tACK_D_RDD varies with VCLK according to formula: t ACK_D_RDD (MAX) = 7 (VCLK Period) +14.8. 6 During STATS_R deasserted (low) conditions, t ACK_D_RDD may be as long as 52 VCLK periods. t RD_D_RDC (I) RD t RD_D_PWA (I) ADR, BE, CS VALID t RD_D_PWD VALID t ADR_D_RDS (O) DATA t ADR_D_RDH VALID VALID t DATA_D_RDD t DATA_D_RDOH (I) WR t RD_D_WRT (O) ACK t ACK_D_RDD t ACK_D_RDOH Figure 28. Host (Indirect Address, Indirect Register Data, and Interrupt Mask/Status) Read Transfer Timing -38- REV. 0 ADV601LC Table XXVIII. Host (Indirect Address, Indirect Data, and Interrupt Mask/Status) Write Timing Parameters Parameter tWR_D_WRC tWR_D_PWA tWR_D_PWD tADR_D_WRS tADR_D_WRH tDATA_D_WRS tDATA_D_WRH tWR_D_RDT tACK_D_WRD tACK_D_WROH Description WR Signal, Direct Register, Write Cycle Time (at 27 MHz VCLK) WR Signal, Direct Register, Pulsewidth Asserted (at 27 MHz VCLK) WR Signal, Direct Register, Pulsewidth Deasserted (at 27 MHz VCLK) ADR Bus, Direct Register, Write Setup ADR Bus, Direct Register, Write Hold DATA Bus, Direct Register, Write Setup DATA Bus, Direct Register, Write Hold WR Signal, Direct Register, Read Turnaround (After a Write) (at 27 MHz VCLK) ACK Signal, Direct Register, Write Delay (at 27 MHz VCLK) ACK Signal, Direct Register, Write Output Hold Min N/A N/A1 5 2 2 -10 0 35.62 8.6 11 1 Max N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 182.13, 4 N/A Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns NOTES 1 WR input must be asserted (low) until ACK is asserted (low). 2 Minimum tWR_D_RDT varies with VCLK according to the formula: t WR_D_RDT (MIN) = 0.8 (VCLK Period) +7.4. 3 Maximum tWR_D_WRD varies with VCLK according to the formula: t ACK_D_WRD (MAX) = 4.3 (VCLK Period) +14.8. 4 During STATS_R deasserted (low) conditions, t ACK_D_WRD may be as long as 52 VCLK periods. t WR_D_WRC (I) WR t WR_D_PWA (I) ADR, BE, CS VALID t WR_D_PWD VALID t ADR_D_WRS (I) DATA t ADR_D_WRH VALID VALID t DATA_D_WRS (I) RD t DATA_D_WRH t WR_D_RDT (O) ACK t ACK_D_WRD t ACK_D_WROH Figure 29. Host (Indirect Address, Indirect Register Data, and Interrupt Mask/Status) Write Transfer Timing REV. 0 -39- ADV601LC Host Interface (Compressed Data) Register Timing The diagrams in this section show transfer timing for host read and write transfers to the ADV601LC's Compressed Data register. Accesses to the Compressed Data register are faster than access timing for the Indirect Address, Indirect Register Data, and Interrupt Mask/Status registers. For information on access timing for the other registers, see the Host Interface (Indirect Address, Indirect Register Data, and Interrupt Mask/Status) Register Timing section. Also note that as long as your system observes the RD or WR signal assertion timing, your system does NOT have to wait for the ACK signal between new compressed data addresses. Table XXIX. Host (Compressed Data) Read Timing Parameters Parameter tRD_CD_RDC tRD_CD_PWA tRD_CD_PWD tADR_CD_RDS tADR_CD_RDH tDATA_CD_RDD tDATA_CD_RDOH tACK_CD_RDD tACK_CD_RDOH Description RD Signal, Compressed Data Direct Register, Read Cycle Time RD Signal, Compressed Data Direct Register, Pulsewidth Asserted RD Signal, Compressed Data Direct Register, Pulsewidth Deasserted ADR Bus, Compressed Data Direct Register, Read Setup ADR Bus, Compressed Data Direct Register, Read Hold (at 27 MHz VCLK) DATA Bus, Compressed Data Direct Register, Read Delay DATA Bus, Compressed Data Direct Register, Read Output Hold ACK Signal, Compressed Data Direct Register, Read Delay ACK Signal, Compressed Data Direct Register, Read Output Hold t RD_CD_RDC (I) RD Min 28 10 10 2 2 N/A 18 N/A 9 Max N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 10 N/A 18 N/A Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns t RD_CD_PWA (I) ADR, BE, CS VALID t RD_CD_PWD VALID t ADR_CD_RDS (O) DATA VALID t ADR_CD_RDH VALID t DATA_CD_RDOH (O) ACK t DATA_CD_RDD t ACK_CD_RDOH t ACK_CD_RDD Figure 30. Host (Compressed Data) Read Transfer Timing -40- REV. 0 ADV601LC Table XXX. Host (Compressed Data) Write Timing Parameters Parameter tWR_CD_WRC tWR_CD_PWA tWR_CD_PWD tADR_CD_WRS tADR_CD_WRH tDATA_CD_WRS tDATA_CD_WRH tACK_CD_WRD tACK_CD_WROH Description WR Signal, Compressed Data Direct Register, Write Cycle Time WR Signal, Compressed Data Direct Register, Pulsewidth Asserted WR Signal, Compressed Data Direct Register, Pulsewidth Deasserted ADR Bus, Compressed Data Direct Register, Write Setup ADR Bus, Compressed Data Direct Register, Write Hold DATA Bus, Compressed Data Direct Register, Write Setup DATA Bus, Compressed Data Direct Register, Write Hold ACK Signal, Compressed Data Direct Register, Write Delay ACK Signal, Compressed Data Direct Register, Write Output Hold Min 28 10 10 2 2 2 2 N/A 9 Max N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 19 N/A Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns t WR_CD_WRC (I) WR t WR_CD_PWA (I) ADR, BE, CS VALID t WR_CD_PWD VALID t ADR_CD_WRS (I) DATA VALID t ADR_CD_WRH VALID t DATA_CD_WRS t DATA_CD_WRH (O) ACK t ACK_CD_WRD t ACK_CD_WROH Figure 31. Host (Compressed Data) Write Transfer Timing REV. 0 -41- ADV601LC PINOUTS Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Pin Name DATA4 DATA3 DATA2 DATA1 DATA0 VDD GND RD WR CS ADR1 ADR0 GND BE2-BE3 BE0-BE1 GND RESET VDD ACK VDD GND HIRQ LCODE FIFO_SRQ STATS_R VDD GND GND VDD DADR8 DADR7 DADR6 DADR5 DADR4 DADR3 DADR2 DADR1 DADR0 GND RAS Pin Type I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O POWER GROUND I I I I I GROUND I I GROUND I POWER O POWER GROUND O O O O POWER GROUND GROUND POWER O O O O O O O O O GROUND O Pin 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 Pin Name CAS WE VDD VDD DDAT15 DDAT14 DDAT13 DDAT12 DDAT11 DDAT10 DDAT9 DDAT8 DDAT7 DDAT6 DDAT5 DDAT4 DDAT3 DDAT2 DDAT1 DDAT0 GND VDD GND NC VDD GND ENC VCLKO VDD XTAL VCLK GND FIELD HSYNC VSYNC GND VDD VDATA7 VDATA6 VDATA5 Pin Type O O POWER POWER I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O GROUND POWER GROUND NC I/O GROUND O O POWER I I GROUND I OR O I OR O I OR O GROUND POWER I/O I/O I/O Pin 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 Pin Name VDATA4 GND VDD VDATA3 VDATA2 VDATA1 VDATA0 NC* NC* GND DATA31 DATA30 DATA29 DATA28 DATA27 DATA26 DATA25 DATA24 DATA23 DATA22 DATA21 DATA20 VDD DATA19 DATA18 DATA17 DATA16 GND GND DATA15 DATA14 DATA13 DATA12 DATA11 DATA10 DATA9 DATA8 DATA7 DATA6 DATA5 Pin Type I/O GROUND POWER I/O I/O I/O I/O NC NC GROUND I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O POWER I/O I/O I/O I/O GROUND GROUND I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O *Apply a 10 k pull-down resistor to this pin. -42- REV. 0 ADV601LC PIN CONFIGURATION 115 DATA10 114 DATA11 113 DATA12 112 DATA13 111 DATA14 102 DATA20 101 DATA21 100 DATA22 99 DATA23 98 DATA24 97 DATA25 96 DATA26 95 DATA27 94 DATA28 93 DATA29 92 DATA30 110 DATA15 107 DATA16 106 DATA17 105 DATA18 108 GND 104 DATA19 120 DATA5 119 DATA6 118 DATA7 117 DATA8 116 DATA9 109 GND DATA4 DATA3 DATA2 DATA1 DATA0 VDD GND RD WR 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 PIN 1 IDENTIFIER 103 VDD 91 DATA31 90 GND 89 NC* 88 NC* 87 VDATA0 86 VDATA1 85 VDATA2 84 VDATA3 83 VDD 82 GND 81 VDATA4 80 VDATA5 79 VDATA6 78 VDATA7 77 VDD 76 GND 75 VSYNC 74 HSYNC 73 FIELD 72 GND 71 VCLK 70 XTAL 69 VDD 68 VCLKO 67 ENC 66 GND 65 VDD 64 NC 63 GND 62 VDD 61 GND DDAT0 60 CS 10 ADR1 11 ADR0 12 GND 13 BE2-BE3 14 BE0-BE1 15 GND 16 RESET 17 VDD 18 ACK 19 VDD 20 GND 21 HIRQ 22 LCODE 23 FIFO_SRQ 24 STATS_R 25 VDD 26 GND 27 GND 28 VDD 29 DADR8 30 DADR5 33 DADR4 34 DADR2 36 DDAT6 54 DADR6 32 DADR3 35 DADR1 37 DDAT5 55 WE 42 DDAT4 56 DDAT13 47 DDAT11 49 DDAT15 45 DDAT14 46 DDAT12 48 DADR0 38 DADR7 31 DDAT10 50 DDAT9 51 DDAT2 58 DDAT3 57 GND 39 DDAT8 52 DDAT7 53 DDAT1 59 RAS 40 CAS 41 VDD 43 VDD 44 ADV601LC TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) *APPLY A 10k PULL DOWN RESISTOR TO THIS PIN REV. 0 -43- ADV601LC OUTLINE DIMENSIONS Dimensions shown in inches and (mm). 120-Lead LQFP (ST-120) 0.638 (16.20) 0.630 (16.00) SQ 0.622 (15.80) 0.063 (1.60) MAX 0.030 (0.75) 0.025 (0.60) 0.018 (0.45) SEATING PLANE 0.559 (14.20) 0.551 (14.00) SQ 0.543 (13.80) 120 1 91 90 TOP VIEW (PINS DOWN) 0.457 (11.6) BSC SQ SEATING PLANE 0.003 (0.08) MAX 0.006 (0.15) 0.002 (0.05) 30 31 61 60 0.057 (1.45) 0.055 (1.40) 0.053 (1.35) 7 3.5 0 0.008 (0.20) 0.004 (0.09) 0.016 (0.40) BSC* LEAD PITCH 0.009 (0.23) 0.007 (0.18) 0.005 (0.13) LEAD WIDTH * THE ACTUAL POSITION OF EACH LEAD IS WITHIN 0.003 (0.07) FROM ITS IDEAL POSITION WHEN MEASURED IN THE LATERAL DIRECTION. CENTER FIGURES ARE TYPICAL UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED ORDERING GUIDE Part Number ADV601LCJST Ambient Temperature Range1 0C to +70C Package Description 120-Lead LQFP Package Option2 ST-120 NOTES 1 J = Commercial temperature range (0C to +70C). 2 ST = Plastic Thin Quad Flatpack. -44- REV. 0 PRINTED IN U.S.A. C3164-3-1/99 |
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